Aldosterone enhances Na+ reabsorption in renal tubules by

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aldosterone upregulates Na+/K+ ATPase synthesis, enhancing sodium reabsorption.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Insulin promotes triglyceride synthesis; somatostatin inhibits release, structure varies by species, and release occurs beyond postprandial states.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Subcutaneous injection is the standard route for insulin due to its peptide nature and bioavailability.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Alkalinizing urine ionizes weak acids, reducing reabsorption and increasing excretion (ion trapping).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The insulin receptor is a tyrosine kinase receptor, initiating glucose uptake signaling.