Alcohol may cause:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Alcohol can cause CNS depression by slowing down brain function. It also leads to vasodilatation, widening blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. Additionally, alcohol can induce hypoglycemia by inhibiting glucose production in the liver. Therefore, all choices are correct, making option D the correct answer. Other choices are incorrect because they individually do not encompass all the effects of alcohol consumption.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protriptyline. This tricyclic agent has the least sedative effect due to its higher potency and faster metabolism compared to other options. Protriptyline has minimal sedative properties, making it a preferred choice for patients who cannot tolerate sedation. Trazodone (B), Amitriptyline (C), and Mirtazapine (D) are known to cause sedation due to their antihistaminic and alpha-adrenergic blocking effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer B (Benzodiazepines) is correct: 1. Benzodiazepines are commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders due to their anxiolytic effects. 2. They work by enhancing the activity of GABA neurotransmitter, leading to calming and sedative effects. 3. Barbiturates (choice A) are less commonly used now due to high risk of dependence and overdose. 4. Lithium salts (choice C) are primarily used for bipolar disorder, not anxiety. 5. Phenothiazines (choice D) are more commonly used for psychotic disorders, not anxiety. Summary: Benzodiazepines are preferred for anxiety treatment due to their effectiveness and safety profile compared to other options like barbiturates, lithium salts, and phenothiazines.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hashish is a cannabis product made from the resin of the cannabis plant. 2. Cannabis plant contains psychoactive compounds such as THC, which is also present in hashish. 3. Heroin, ecstasy, and crack are not related to cannabis and have different chemical compositions and effects. 4. Therefore, the correct answer is C (Hashish) as it is directly related to cannabis. Summary: - Choice A (Heroin) is incorrect as it is an opioid, not related to cannabis. - Choice B (Ecstasy) is incorrect as it is a synthetic drug, not related to cannabis. - Choice D (Crack) is incorrect as it is a form of cocaine, not related to cannabis. - Only choice C (Hashish) is related to cannabis due to its origin from the cannabis plant and containing similar psychoactive compounds.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ipratropium. Ipratropium is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that acts as a bronchodilator, making it effective for treating asthma by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways. Atropine (A) is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist used for bradycardia and other conditions. Platiphylline (C) is a xanthine derivative used for bronchospasm in COPD, not asthma. Metacin (D) is a cholinergic agonist used for treating glaucoma. Therefore, the most suitable choice for an anti-asthmatic agent among the options provided is Ipratropium.