After studying nursing interventions in the context of nursing theory, the nursing student understands that Neuman is to primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention as Roy is to:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Neuman's theory focuses on prevention through interventions that alter or manage stimuli for adaptive responses. Roy's theory, on the other hand, emphasizes adapting to stimuli. This makes choice C the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D do not align with Roy's theory as they focus on different aspects of nursing care unrelated to her theory.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anhedonia. Anhedonia refers to the inability to experience pleasure or joy in activities that were previously enjoyable. In the scenario provided, the client's statement about not enjoying crossword puzzles anymore indicates a loss of pleasure, which is a key symptom of anhedonia commonly seen in depression. A: Dysthymic disorder is a type of chronic mood disorder characterized by persistently depressed mood. The client's symptoms do not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of dysthymic disorder based on the information provided. C: Delusion refers to a fixed false belief that is not based in reality. The client's statement does not involve any delusional beliefs, so this choice is incorrect. D: Psychosis involves a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. The client's statement does not indicate a break from reality, so psychosis is not the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The diathesis-stress model. This model suggests that individuals have a predisposition (diathesis) towards a certain mental health condition, such as depression, and this predisposition interacts with environmental stressors to trigger the condition. Suicide can result from the combination of genetic vulnerability (diathesis) and stressful life events (stressors). Elevated serotonin levels (choice A) are more associated with mood disorders like depression, not directly linked to suicide. Outward aggression turned inward (choice C) is more related to internalizing behaviors like self-harm, but not necessarily suicide. A lack of perfectionism (choice D) is not a widely recognized factor in suicide risk. The diathesis-stress model provides a comprehensive explanation for the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors leading to suicide.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Axis III. Axis III in the DSM-IV-TR is used for medical conditions that are relevant to the individual's mental health diagnosis. In this case, the woman's diabetes would be listed on Axis III because it is a medical condition that can impact her mental health and treatment. Diabetes is a physical health issue that can affect emotional well-being and may influence the course of her psychiatric treatment. A: Axis I is for clinical disorders such as mood disorders or anxiety disorders. B: Axis II is for personality disorders and mental retardation. D: Axis IV is for psychosocial and environmental stressors. Therefore, the correct placement for the woman's diabetes mellitus in her DSM-IV-TR diagnosis would be on Axis III.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is D, Monoamine oxidase inhibitor. MAOIs are safe for patients with mild hypertension as they do not have adverse effects on blood pressure. Additionally, MAOIs are known to be effective in treating symptoms of depression, anxiety, and overeating, which are present in Cabot's case. Tricyclic antidepressants (A) can have cardiovascular side effects, SSRIs (B) can cause weight gain, and SNRIs (C) may increase blood pressure. MAOIs are the safest option considering Cabot's symptoms and medical history.