ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
After seven days of treatment with sulfonamides, a patient's hemoglobin had decreased from 14.7 gm/100ml to 10gm/100ml. The most likely cause of hemolysis in this patient is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD). G6PD deficiency can cause hemolysis in response to oxidative stress, such as medications like sulfonamides. The decrease in hemoglobin levels after sulfonamide treatment indicates hemolysis, which is a common manifestation of G6PD deficiency. Sickle cell disease (A), thalassemia minor (B), and hereditary spherocytosis (C) do not typically present with hemolysis triggered by sulfonamides. G6PD deficiency is the most likely cause in this scenario due to the timing of hemolysis after the drug exposure and the characteristic response of G6PD-deficient red blood cells to oxidative stress.
Question 2 of 5
The following pathological features is true regarding non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because B cell phenotype is more common in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). This is supported by the fact that the majority of NHL cases arise from B cells in the lymphoid tissue. Choice A is incorrect as RS cells are characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma, not NHL. Choice C is incorrect because NHL can involve non-contiguous lymph nodes. Choice D is incorrect because NHL can have a leukemic phase known as leukemic lymphoma.
Question 3 of 5
In the laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis, the expected parasite stage in vitro is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Promastigote. In the laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis, the expected parasite stage in vitro is the promastigote form. This is because the promastigote form is the stage of the parasite that lives in the sandfly vector and is transmitted to humans, causing infection. In vitro, the promastigote form can be cultured and studied for diagnostic purposes. Incorrect choices: A: Amastigote - This is the intracellular form of the parasite found in mammalian hosts and not typically used for laboratory diagnosis. C: Trypomastigote - This form is typically associated with Trypanosoma species, not Leishmania. D: Schizont - This term is used for malaria parasites, not Leishmania parasites. In summary, the promastigote form is the most relevant stage for laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis due to its presence in the sandfly vector and its ability to
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following anemia is associated with splenomegaly:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, hereditary spherocytosis. This condition is characterized by a defect in red blood cell membrane proteins, leading to their premature destruction in the spleen, causing splenomegaly. In contrast, chronic renal failure (A) does not typically present with splenomegaly. Aplastic anemia (B) is characterized by bone marrow failure, not splenomegaly. Sickle cell anemia (D) is associated with splenomegaly in early childhood due to sequestration of damaged red blood cells, but splenomegaly usually resolves in later life.
Question 5 of 5
Non thrombocytopenic purpura is seen in all except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: SLE. Non-thrombocytopenic purpura refers to purpura without low platelet count. In SLE, thrombocytopenia is common, leading to purpura. A: Vasculitis can cause non-thrombocytopenic purpura due to vessel inflammation. B: Uraemia can lead to non-thrombocytopenic purpura due to vascular damage. C: Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia presents with telangiectasias and recurrent epistaxis, not purpura.