ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
After receiving a change-of-shift report on four patients admitted to a heart failure unit ,which patient should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because new-onset confusion, restlessness, and cool clammy skin are signs of poor perfusion and potential deterioration. The nurse should assess this patient first to address possible acute changes in condition. Option A, dizziness after captopril, can be important but not immediately life-threatening. Option C receiving IV nesiritide is stable and monitored closely. Option D with oxygen and crackles indicates pulmonary congestion but is not an immediate priority compared to the signs of poor perfusion in option B.
Question 2 of 5
Of the four parts of respiration the part when oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the body's tissue cells is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: internal respiration. This is the part of respiration where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the body's tissue cells. During internal respiration, oxygen is delivered to the cells and carbon dioxide is removed. Pulmonary ventilation (choice A) refers to the process of breathing where air is moved in and out of the lungs. External respiration (choice B) is the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood. Transport of respiratory gases (choice C) involves the circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. Internal respiration specifically focuses on the exchange of gases within the tissue cells, making it the correct choice in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
For a female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which nursing intervention would help maintain a patent airway?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching the patient how to perform controlled coughing. This intervention helps to clear mucus and secretions from the airways, maintaining a patent airway. Controlled coughing also prevents airway obstruction and promotes effective breathing. Restricting fluid intake (A) can lead to dehydration and thickening of secretions, worsening airway clearance. Enforcing bed rest (B) can cause decreased lung expansion and retention of secretions. Administering sedatives (D) can depress respiratory drive and worsen respiratory function.
Question 4 of 5
A female client must take streptomycin for tuberculosis. Before therapy begins, the nurse should instruct the client to notify the physician if a health concern occurs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased hearing acuity. Streptomycin is known to cause ototoxicity, which can lead to decreased hearing acuity. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to notify the physician if any changes in hearing occur to prevent permanent hearing loss. Impaired color discrimination (A) and increased appetite (D) are not commonly associated with streptomycin use. Increased urinary frequency (B) is not a typical side effect of streptomycin and would not require immediate physician notification.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note in the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low arterial PaO2. In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), there is impaired gas exchange leading to hypoxemia. Low arterial PaO2 indicates poor oxygenation in the blood, a hallmark of ARDS. Decreased respiratory rate (A) is unlikely as the body compensates by increasing respiratory effort. Pallor (B) is a general sign of reduced blood flow and not specific to ARDS. An elevated arterial PaO2 (D) would not be expected in ARDS, as it signifies adequate oxygenation.