ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 9
After positioning the patient for surgery, the nurse notices signs of pressure injury on the patient's heels. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pressure injuries on the heels are a concern as they can develop quickly and lead to serious complications, especially in surgical patients who are immobile for extended periods. Applying pressure-relieving devices, such as heel protectors or foam dressings, can help alleviate the pressure on the affected areas and prevent further damage. These devices are designed to distribute pressure evenly and reduce the risk of pressure injuries. It is important for the nurse to address the issue promptly to prevent additional harm to the patient's skin integrity.
Question 2 of 9
An EMT approaches an accident victim. The victim says, "Don't touch me!" The EMT says, you need help, but the victim replies NO! don't touch me. If the EMT takes the victim by the arm and forces the victim into the ambulance, the EMT could be guilty of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Battery refers to the intentional and offensive physical contact with another person without their consent, resulting in harm or injury. In this scenario, the victim clearly expressed their unwillingness to be touched or helped by saying, "Don't touch me!" multiple times. By ignoring the victim's refusal and physically forcing them into the ambulance, the EMT is committing battery even though they may have had good intentions to provide assistance. It is important for medical professionals, including EMTs, to always respect a person's right to refuse medical treatment or assistance, even in emergency situations.
Question 3 of 9
What is the basic human right that exists when the subject's identity cannot be linked, even by the researcher, with his or her individual responses?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The right to anonymity is the basic human right that exists when the subject's identity cannot be linked, even by the researcher, with his or her individual responses. Anonymity ensures that individuals can freely express their thoughts, opinions, and experiences without fear of being identified or facing any consequences. It is crucial in research to protect the privacy and confidentiality of participants, build trust, and encourage honest responses. Anonymity is a fundamental ethical principle in research to safeguard the rights and well-being of participants.
Question 4 of 9
Which BEST advice the nurse should give in case of dog bite
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When someone is bitten by a dog, the most important first aid step is to wash the wound thoroughly with running water. This helps to remove any dirt or bacteria from the wound, reducing the risk of infection. Washing the wound with garlic (choice A) is not recommended as it can irritate the skin and may not effectively clean the wound. Feeding the dog (choice B) is not relevant to treating the bite wound. Bleeding the bitten area (choice C) is also not necessary and can actually increase the risk of infection. Therefore, the best advice the nurse should give in case of a dog bite is to wash the wound thoroughly with running water.
Question 5 of 9
When the nurse inserts an ordered urinary catheter into the client's urethra after the client has refused the procedure, and then the client suffers an injury, the client may sue the nurse for which type of tort?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Battery refers to the intentional touching of another person without consent, resulting in harm or offense. In this scenario, the nurse inserted the urinary catheter into the client's urethra without the client's consent, leading to an injury. This action constitutes battery as the nurse carried out a medical procedure without the client's permission, resulting in harm to the client. The client can sue the nurse for battery in this situation.
Question 6 of 9
A patient presents with chest pain, dyspnea, and signs of hypotension. An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows ST- segment elevation in the inferior leads. Which cardiovascular disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chest pain, dyspnea, hypotension, and ST-segment elevation on an ECG in the inferior leads are classic signs of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). An acute MI occurs when there is a sudden blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to tissue damage. This causes symptoms such as chest pain due to ischemia, dyspnea due to heart failure, and hypotension due to poor cardiac output. The ST-segment elevation seen on the ECG is indicative of significant myocardial injury. Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial in acute MI to prevent further complications and to minimize damage to the heart muscle. It is important to differentiate an acute MI from stable or unstable angina or other cardiovascular disorders, as the management and prognosis vary significantly.
Question 7 of 9
A patient in the ICU develops catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) associated with a central venous catheter. What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's infection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary intervention that should be prioritized for managing a catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) associated with a central venous catheter is to remove the central venous catheter. CRBSI is a serious complication that can lead to severe infections and sepsis. The removal of the catheter is crucial to eliminate the source of the infection and prevent further dissemination of the pathogens into the bloodstream. Once the catheter is removed, the healthcare team can consider other interventions such as administering targeted antibiotics based on culture results, performing blood cultures to identify the causative organism, and implementing sterile dressing changes and catheter care protocols. However, immediate removal of the catheter takes precedence in managing CRBSI to prevent worsening of the infection and improve patient outcomes.
Question 8 of 9
A patient presents with well-demarcated, hypopigmented macules with fine scaling, affecting the trunk and proximal extremities. The patient reports a history of sun exposure and outdoor activities. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presentation of well-demarcated, hypopigmented macules with fine scaling on the trunk and proximal extremities is classic for tinea versicolor. Tinea versicolor is a common superficial fungal infection caused by Malassezia spp., which leads to hypo- or hyperpigmented patches on the skin. The condition often occurs in individuals with increased sebum production due to factors such as hot and humid climates, sweating, and oily skin. History of sun exposure and outdoor activities is also commonly reported by patients with tinea versicolor. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications applied topically or taken orally to eliminate the fungus. Differentiating tinea versicolor from other skin conditions, such as vitiligo, pityriasis rosea, or seborrheic keratosis, is important for appropriate management.
Question 9 of 9
Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of saliva, which aids in lubricating the oral cavity and initiating the digestion of carbohydrates?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The salivary glands are responsible for the production of saliva, which aids in lubricating the oral cavity and initiating the digestion of carbohydrates. Saliva contains enzymes that begin the digestive process by breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars. The liver is involved in the production of bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver, which is released into the small intestine. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that are released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.