ATI RN
Nursing Care of the Newborn Questions
Question 1 of 5
After birth, the nurse immediately dries a neonate's face and hair with a clean, prewarmed towel. After drying, the nurse covers the neonate's hair with a cap. What type of heat loss is the nurse preventing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: evaporation. After birth, drying the neonate's face and hair with a towel and covering the hair with a cap prevents heat loss through evaporation. Evaporation occurs when moisture on the skin evaporates into the air, leading to cooling of the body. By drying the neonate's hair and covering it with a cap, the nurse reduces the potential for heat loss through evaporation, helping to maintain the neonate's body temperature. Incorrect choices: A: Convection - Heat transfer through the movement of air or liquid. Drying and covering the hair do not directly impact convection heat loss. B: Conduction - Heat transfer through direct contact with a cooler surface. Drying and covering the hair with a cap do not address conduction heat loss. D: Radiation - Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. Drying and covering the hair do not specifically target radiation heat loss.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is completing an initial assessment of the newborn. The newborn's ears appear to be parallel to the outer and inner canthus of the eye. How does the nurse document the ear placement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Observe the newborn's ears are parallel to the outer and inner canthus of the eye. Step 2: Compare the observed ear placement to the standard positioning. Step 3: If the ears align with the eye canthus, document as "a normal position" (Choice C). Rationale: Parallel ear position indicates normal development. Low set (Choice A) or high set (Choice B) ears suggest abnormalities. Facial paralysis (Choice D) is not related to ear placement in this context.
Question 3 of 5
During an assessment of a 12-hour-old newborn, the nurse notices pale pink spots on the nape of the neck. How does the nurse document this finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: telangiectatic nevi. These are also known as "stork bites" or "angel kisses." The rationale for this choice is that telangiectatic nevi are pale pink spots commonly found on the nape of the neck in newborns, which typically fade over time. A: Nevus vasculosus is a different type of birthmark characterized by a red or purple color due to an overgrowth of blood vessels. B: Mongolian spots are bluish-gray birthmarks usually found on the lower back or buttocks. C: Nevus flammeus, also known as a port-wine stain, presents as a flat, pink, or red mark on the skin. In summary, the correct answer, telangiectatic nevi, is the most appropriate choice based on the description of the finding on the newborn's nape of the neck, while the other options describe different types of birthmarks with distinct characteristics.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is completing a gestational assessment on a newborn whose parent was treated for preeclampsia during labor. The neonate is demonstrating 'frog-like' posturing. The nurse knows this is likely due to what medication during labor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: magnesium sulfate for treatment of preeclampsia. Magnesium sulfate is commonly used to manage preeclampsia in pregnant women. Neonates born to mothers who received magnesium sulfate may exhibit 'frog-like' posturing due to the effects of the medication crossing the placenta. The other choices, A: fentanyl in the epidural, B: penicillin for treatment of group B strep infection, and D: prenatal vitamins, are not associated with causing 'frog-like' posturing in newborns. Fentanyl in the epidural is a pain medication, penicillin is an antibiotic, and prenatal vitamins are supplements that do not typically cause this specific posturing.
Question 5 of 5
What are the characteristics of a 40-week preterm newborn male's genitalia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because at 40 weeks, the testes should be descended into the scrotum. This is a normal developmental milestone for male newborns. Additionally, the presence of appropriate rugae on the scrotum indicates maturity. Choice A is incorrect as the scrotum should not be empty at this stage. Choice B is incorrect as the testes should be in the scrotum, not in the upper canal. Choice D is incorrect as pendulous testes and deep rugae are not typical characteristics of a 40-week preterm male newborn's genitalia.