ATI RN
Questions About the Respiratory System With Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Advantage of Double Bohr effect is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Double Bohr effect involves the reciprocal exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide, leading to increased oxygenation of fetal blood and enhanced removal of carbon dioxide. This synergistic effect helps in efficient gas exchange during respiration. Option A is partially correct but doesn't encompass all the benefits of the Double Bohr effect. Option B is not entirely accurate as it focuses only on oxygenation without considering the role of carbon dioxide exchange. Option C is incorrect as it overlooks the oxygenation aspect of the Double Bohr effect. Therefore, the most comprehensive and accurate choice is D, as it encompasses all the advantages of the Double Bohr effect.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for an elderly patient in the PACU. The patient has had a bronchoscopy, and the nurse is monitoring for complications related to the administration of lidocaine. For what complication related to the administration of large doses of lidocaine in the elderly should the nurse assess?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Confusion and lethargy. Lidocaine toxicity in the elderly can lead to central nervous system symptoms like confusion and lethargy due to impaired metabolism and clearance of the drug. The liver and kidney function decline with age, affecting lidocaine clearance. This can result in an accumulation of lidocaine leading to CNS symptoms. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to lidocaine toxicity in the elderly. Decreased urine output and hypertension may be seen with other conditions like renal failure. Headache and vision changes are not typical symptoms of lidocaine toxicity. Jaundice and elevated liver enzymes may indicate liver dysfunction but are not specific to lidocaine toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
An inflammatory response is triggered when:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because mast cells release histamine and heparin during an inflammatory response. Histamine causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, leading to redness and swelling. Heparin prevents blood clotting to allow immune cells to reach the site of infection. Choices A and B are incorrect because red blood cells do not release pyrogens, and T cells release cytokines, not interferon, in response to infection. Choice D is incorrect because immunosuppressants like cortisone would dampen the immune response rather than trigger an inflammatory response.
Question 4 of 5
What produces the movement labeled '2'?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The movement labeled '2' is inhalation. Step 2: During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward. Step 3: This creates more space in the thoracic cavity, allowing the lungs to expand and fill with air. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is C: diaphragm contracts produces the movement labeled '2'. Summary: Choice A and B are incorrect because the rectus abdominis is not directly involved in inhalation. Choice D is incorrect because the diaphragm needs to contract to create the necessary space for inhalation.
Question 5 of 5
For maximum loading of hemoglobin with oxygen at the lungs, the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a higher PO2 gradient between alveoli and blood promotes greater oxygen binding to hemoglobin in the lungs. A high PCO2 (choice A) would actually decrease oxygen binding, while a slightly acidic pH (choice B) can affect oxygen dissociation but not loading. Having a PO2 of about 70 mm Hg (choice C) is not optimal for maximum loading as it is lower than what is typically found in the alveoli during normal breathing.