Adrenaline can be used in the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Adrenaline is a sympathomimetic drug that acts on adrenergic receptors. In acute situations like allergic reactions, bronchial asthma, and heart block, adrenaline can be beneficial due to its bronchodilator and vasoconstrictor effects. However, in angina pectoris, which is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, the vasoconstrictor effect of adrenaline can worsen the condition by increasing the workload of the heart. Therefore, adrenaline should not be used in angina pectoris.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: MAO inhibitors prevent the breakdown of neurotransmitters like norepinephrine. Step 2: Pseudoephedrine stimulates the release of norepinephrine. Step 3: The combination can lead to excessive norepinephrine, causing hypertension and potential stroke. Therefore, the likely outcome when a patient taking an MAO inhibitor also takes pseudoephedrine is a hypertensive crisis and possible stroke (Choice B). Summary: - Choice A (acute bronchospasm/asthma due to ACh release from the adrenal medulla) is incorrect because pseudoephedrine does not directly cause this response. - Choice C (heart rate and contractile force would drop significantly and quickly) is incorrect as pseudoephedrine tends to increase heart rate and blood pressure. - Choice D (the cold symptoms would quickly get worse - increased secretions) is incorrect as pseudoephedrine is a decongestant and would not worsen cold symptoms

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The male labeled X must carry both brown and black coat color genes as it is brown. When mated with a black female, the male will pass on either a brown or black gene to the offspring. This results in a 1:1 ratio of brown to black coat color in the offspring. All black (A) and all brown (B) are incorrect as the male carries both genes. The 3:1 ratio (C) is not applicable here as the male can pass on either brown or black gene equally.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: blue to pink. Anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue, and when water is added, it forms a pink hexahydrate complex. This color change occurs because water molecules replace the chloride ions in the crystal lattice, resulting in the formation of the pink complex. Choice A (blue to white) is incorrect because the addition of water does not change the color to white. Choice C (white to blue) is incorrect as anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue to begin with. Choice D (pink to blue) is incorrect as the addition of water causes the color change from blue to pink, not the other way around.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (80s) because the half-life of an isotope is the time taken for half of the radioactive nuclei to decay. In this case, it takes 80 seconds for half of the nuclei to decay. The other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect as they do not represent the correct time interval required for half of the nuclei to decay.