ADH will stimulate _____ water reabsorption by the kidneys and ______ of the blood vessels; thus _____ blood pressure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases water reabsorption by the kidneys (increasing blood volume), causes vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels), and ultimately leads to an increase in blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect because ADH does not decrease water reabsorption. Choice B is incorrect because ADH does not cause dilation of blood vessels, which would decrease blood pressure. Choice D is incorrect because ADH does not cause dilation of blood vessels, which would not lead to a decrease in blood pressure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH). ANH opposes the actions of aldosterone by promoting salt and water excretion, thus reducing blood volume and blood pressure. ANH is released in response to high blood pressure or high blood volume. B: antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not the antagonistic hormone to aldosterone; it acts on the kidneys to regulate water balance. C: cortisol is a stress hormone and is not directly involved in regulating sodium and water balance. D: glucagon is a hormone that increases blood sugar levels and is not related to the regulation of aldosterone.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Leptin is the correct answer because it is a hormone produced by adipose tissue that signals satiety to the brain, helping regulate energy balance and food intake. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, not hunger. Thymosins are involved in immune function. Glucagon is a hormone that increases blood sugar levels, not related to satiety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C (Insulin) is correct: 1. A banana split is high in carbohydrates and sugar. 2. Consuming carbohydrates and sugar triggers an increase in blood glucose levels. 3. Insulin is released by the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels to facilitate the uptake of glucose into cells for energy. 4. Therefore, after consuming a banana split, insulin levels in the body are expected to increase to regulate blood glucose levels. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - A: Prolactin is a hormone involved in lactation and is not directly related to consuming a banana split. - B: Glucagon is released in response to low blood glucose levels to increase blood sugar, opposite of what is expected after consuming a banana split. - D: Thyroid hormone regulates metabolism and is not directly influenced by consuming a banana split.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.