ATI RN
Nursing Practice Questions for Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
Acute polyhydramnios is usually associated with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute polyhydramnios (sudden amniotic fluid increase) is most often linked to hydrops fetalis (B), impairing fetal swallowing or circulation, unlike cleft palate (A), labor (C), esophageal atresia (D, gradual), or meningomyelocele (E).
Question 2 of 5
You are on call at the delivery room, a newly delivered newborn presented to you with pallor, irregular respiration, and bradycardia; after initial resuscitation (warming, drying, and stimulation), heart rate still less than 100/min. Of the following, the NEXT step in management is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Per NRP guidelines, if heart rate remains <100/min after initial steps, positive pressure ventilation (E) is next to improve oxygenation, before naloxone (A), epinephrine (B), intubation (C), or massage (D).
Question 3 of 5
Neonatal hypocalcemia is considered when serum ionized calcium level is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neonatal hypocalcemia is defined as ionized calcium ≤3.5 mg/dL (A), critical for neuromuscular function, per neonatal standards.
Question 4 of 5
A 3-month-old infant present with history of low birth weight, early-onset jaundice, and seizures; on examination there are hepatosplenomegaly and hydrocephalus; skull films reveal diffuse cortical calcifications. Of the following, the primary method of diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Congenital infection (likely toxoplasmosis) with jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and calcifications is best diagnosed by serology (D, IgM/IgG), more definitive than PCR (A), culture (B), CT (C), or CSF (E) alone.
Question 5 of 5
The MOST common congenital infection and the leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CMV (C) is the most prevalent congenital infection and top cause of sensorineural hearing loss, affecting ~1% of newborns, per CDC data.