Active transport mechanisms effect exchange of gases in the lungs and tissues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: False (B): Gas exchange is by diffusion, not active transport. True (A) is incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: False (B): Minute respiratory volume is tidal volume × breaths per minute, not a fraction. True (A) is incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vitamins (A) do not provide energy (calories); they aid metabolism. Carbohydrates (B), fats (C), and proteins (D) supply energy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cerebellum (C) controls balance and coordination. Parietal lobe (A) handles sensation, hypothalamus (B) regulates homeostasis, and occipital lobe (D) processes vision.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin D deficiency causes crooked bones (D) in rickets or osteomalacia. Bleeding gums (A) is vitamin C, swollen extremities (B) could be edema, and red patches (C) are unrelated.