ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Action of anxiolytic agents:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anxiolytic agents are drugs that help relieve anxiety. Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as anxiolytics due to their ability to enhance the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. By increasing the inhibitory actions of GABA, benzodiazepines can produce calming and sedative effects, making them effective in treating anxiety disorders. Morphine, promethazine, atropine sulfate, and hyoscine are not typically used as anxiolytic agents.
Question 2 of 5
For which serious adverse effect should the nurse closely monitor a patient who is taking lincosamides?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lincosamides, such as clindamycin, are associated with a high risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), a potentially life-threatening condition. CDAD occurs due to the disruption of normal gut flora, allowing C. difficile to overgrow and produce toxins. Symptoms include severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. While lincosamides can rarely cause hepatotoxicity or ototoxicity, CDAD is the most common and serious adverse effect. Seizures are not typically associated with lincosamides. Early identification and treatment of CDAD are crucial to prevent complications like toxic megacolon or sepsis.
Question 3 of 5
A 5-year-old African American patient has been admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with pheochromocytoma. The physician has ordered phentolamine. The nurse knows that the other indication for phentolamine is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phentolamine (Regitine) is used for the prevention of cell death and tissue sloughing after extravasation of intravenous norepinephrine or dopamine, and severe hypertension reactions caused by manipulation of the pheochromocytoma before and during surgery; diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Phentolamine would not be indicated for treatment of migraine headaches, life-threatening arrhythmias, or heart failure. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 4 of 5
As you are preparing morning medications, the patient says, 'I have had loose stools all night long.' Your patient has scheduled docusate at 0900. What is the priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Docusate is a stool softener used to prevent constipation. If the patient is already experiencing loose stools, administering docusate could exacerbate the condition, leading to diarrhea or dehydration. The nurse should hold the medication and inform the healthcare provider to reassess the need for docusate. Increasing the IV flow rate (C) or the dose (D) is inappropriate in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is prescribed for a client for the treatment of gout. And the nurse is providing medication instructions. The nurse tells the client to?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol should be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. Limiting vitamin C intake is advised because it can increase uric acid levels, counteracting the drug's effects. A rash is not a normal side effect and may indicate a hypersensitivity reaction, requiring immediate medical attention. The therapeutic effects of allopurinol are not immediate and may take weeks to become apparent. Proper patient education is essential to ensure adherence and safety.