ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Action of anxiolytic agents:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anxiolytic agents are drugs that help relieve anxiety. Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as anxiolytics due to their ability to enhance the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. By increasing the inhibitory actions of GABA, benzodiazepines can produce calming and sedative effects, making them effective in treating anxiety disorders. Morphine, promethazine, atropine sulfate, and hyoscine are not typically used as anxiolytic agents.
Question 2 of 5
A 5-year-old African American patient has been admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with pheochromocytoma. The physician has ordered phentolamine. The nurse knows that the other indication for phentolamine is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phentolamine (Regitine) is used for the prevention of cell death and tissue sloughing after extravasation of intravenous norepinephrine or dopamine, and severe hypertension reactions caused by manipulation of the pheochromocytoma before and during surgery; diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Phentolamine would not be indicated for treatment of migraine headaches, life-threatening arrhythmias, or heart failure. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 3 of 5
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is prescribed for a client for the treatment of gout. And the nurse is providing medication instructions. The nurse tells the client to?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol should be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. Limiting vitamin C intake is advised because it can increase uric acid levels, counteracting the drug's effects. A rash is not a normal side effect and may indicate a hypersensitivity reaction, requiring immediate medical attention. The therapeutic effects of allopurinol are not immediate and may take weeks to become apparent. Proper patient education is essential to ensure adherence and safety.
Question 4 of 5
Graded dose-response curves are most useful for determining
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Graded dose-response curves plot individual response intensity to dose increases (e.g., pain relief), a pharmacodynamic tool. Population curves (e.g., ED50) suit groups, not individuals. Large or small groups aggregate data, missing individual nuance. Individual focus defines graded curves, key for tailoring therapy.
Question 5 of 5
The number of people with hypertension in the United States is estimated to be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most recent data indicates that approximately 45% of adults in the United States have hypertension. With an estimated total adult population of around 230 million in the U.S., this would mean that roughly 50 million people have hypertension.