ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Action of anticholinergic drugs:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic drug that antagonizes the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. By blocking the parasympathetic nervous system, atropine produces various effects including decreased salivation, increased heart rate, bronchodilation, and mydriasis (pupillary dilation). These properties make atropine useful in treating conditions such as bradycardia, poisoning with certain toxins, and for dilation of the pupil during eye exams.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse enters a patient’s room to find that his heart rate is 120, his blood pressure is 70/50, and he has red blotching of his face and neck. Vancomycin is running intravenous piggyback. The nurse believes that this patient is experiencing a severe adverse effect called red man syndrome. What action will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red man syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction to vancomycin, characterized by flushing, rash, hypotension, and tachycardia. The nurse should immediately stop the infusion to prevent further reaction and call the health care provider for further instructions. Reducing the infusion rate may help in mild cases, but in this severe case, stopping the infusion is the priority. Encouraging fluids is not appropriate for managing this acute reaction. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a different, more severe condition and is not indicated by these symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a well-known stage actor who has suddenly developed severe stage fright that is preventing him from working. What drug does the nurse suspect will be prescribed for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One of the indications for use of propranolol is prevention of stage fright, which is a sympathetic stress reaction to a particular situation. None of the other options are indicated for this use. The nurse should understand the indications for propranolol to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 4 of 5
A patient taking SMZ/TMP asks the nurse what the name means. The nurse replies sulfamethoxazole is combined with trimethoprim in SMZ/TMP to help the drug effectiveness. How does this work?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SMZ/TMP (sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim) works synergistically to inhibit bacterial folate synthesis at two different steps, making it effective against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It does not act as an anesthetic (A), displace trimethoprim (B), or increase excretion in the bladder (C). The combination enhances antibacterial activity and reduces the risk of resistance.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed Colchicine. After taking three doses, the client complains of nausea, vomiting, and loose bowel stools. Which of the following should the client do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are signs of colchicine toxicity, which can be life-threatening. The client should stop taking the medication and notify the physician immediately. Continuing the medication or adjusting the dose without medical advice can exacerbate the toxicity. Colchicine has a narrow therapeutic index, and close monitoring is required to prevent adverse effects.