ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
Ace Inhibitors often end in?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The majority of ACE inhibitors end in the suffix "-pril". ACE inhibitors are a class of medications commonly used to treat conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and reducing the risk of heart attacks. The suffix "-pril" is a common way to identify drugs belonging to this class, making it easier for healthcare professionals and patients to recognize them. Examples of ACE inhibitors that end in "-pril" include captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, and ramipril.
Question 2 of 5
The student nurse has been reading about the Human Genome Project and asks the nursing instructor how this will impact future pharmacological therapies. What is the best response by the instructor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Human Genome Project enables pharmacogenomics, tailoring drugs to genetic profiles for better efficacy (e.g., CYP2D6 variants), not eliminating drugs. Standardized doses ignore genetics. Disease prevention via genes complements, not replaces, drugs. Individualized therapy leverages genomics, enhancing treatment precision.
Question 3 of 5
A 63-year-old man with glaucoma maintained on a regimen of topical medications with an exacerbation of his symptoms. He complains of difficulty with his vision in both eyes and has headaches. Which of the following drugs is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glaucoma involves elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and this patient's exacerbation-vision difficulty and headaches-requires effective IOP reduction. Bimatoprost and Latanoprost are prostaglandin analogs, increasing outflow, but may not act fast enough for acute worsening. Pilocarpine , a muscarinic agonist, contracts the ciliary muscle, opening the trabecular meshwork, enhancing aqueous humor outflow, and rapidly lowering IOP-ideal for this scenario. Tetracycline is an antibiotic, irrelevant. Travoprost (E), another prostaglandin, is similar to A and B. Pilocarpine's direct action on outflow makes it most appropriate for urgent IOP control in open-angle or angle-closure glaucoma exacerbation. Its side effects (miosis, brow ache) are tolerable given the need for immediate relief, distinguishing it from slower-acting prostaglandins.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding opioids:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neonates have an immature blood-brain barrier, increasing opioid penetration, not blocking it, so that's false. Spinal analgesia involves mu, delta, and kappa receptors, not just one type, making that false. Depressed CO2 response is the most reliable sign of opioid-induced respiratory depression, a true statement, reflecting medullary suppression. Tolerance to miosis develops minimally, unlike analgesia, so that's false. Addison's patients are hypersensitive to opioids due to cortisol lack. The CO2 response is a key monitoring parameter in opioid overdose.
Question 5 of 5
A pregnant woman is experiencing hypertension. The nurse knows that which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing hypertension?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Methyldopa is the preferred antihypertensive medication for pregnant women experiencing hypertension. It has been extensively studied and considered safe for both the mother and the fetus. Methyldopa has been shown to effectively lower blood pressure in pregnant women without causing harm to the developing fetus. Other antihypertensive medications, such as Enalapril (Vasote) and Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), are contraindicated during pregnancy as they can cause harm to the fetus. Mannitol (Osmitrol) is an osmotic diuretic primarily used for reducing intracranial pressure or treating cerebral edema, not for hypertension in pregnancy. Therefore, Methyldopa is the right choice for a pregnant patient with hypertension.