ATI RN
Advanced Pharmacology Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
ACE inhibitors…
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, such as enalapril and lisinopril, work by blocking the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is responsible for converting angiotensin I into angiotensin II. By inhibiting this conversion, ACE inhibitors prevent the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-stimulating effects of angiotensin II at the receptor sites. This leads to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced aldosterone secretion. This mechanism of action makes ACE inhibitors an important class of medications for managing conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Question 2 of 5
Action of tranexamic acid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent, which means it works by inhibiting the breakdown of blood clots. It does this by blocking the activation of plasmin, which is responsible for breaking down fibrin clots. This action helps in promoting clot stability and reducing bleeding. Tranexamic acid is commonly used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding in various conditions, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, surgery, trauma, and certain medical procedures.
Question 3 of 5
If you inject a drug with a pH of 6.5 and pka of 8.1 into a tissue with a pH of 7.4, to what extent would you expect this drug to be ionized in the tissue?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
Acyclovir has been ordered for a patient with genital herpes. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acyclovir can cause nephrotoxicity, so monitoring blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels is essential. Hypertension is not a common side effect of acyclovir. Intravenous acyclovir should be administered over at least 1 hour to prevent renal toxicity. Adequate fluid intake helps prevent crystalluria and nephrotoxicity.
Question 5 of 5
The specificity of the adrenergic blocking agents allows the clinician to select a drug to do what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This specificity allows the clinician to select a drug that will have the desired therapeutic effects without the undesired effects that occur when the entire sympathetic nervous system is blocked. In general, however, the specificity of adrenergic blocking agents depends on the concentration of drug in the body. Most specificity is lost with higher serum drug levels. The nurse should understand the importance of drug specificity to ensure safe and effective administration.