According to the reinforcement theory of safety, what do organizations need to do to improve poor safety behaviour?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: link behaviour to consequences. In reinforcement theory, behavior is reinforced through positive or negative consequences. By linking safety behavior to consequences, organizations can increase desired safety behaviors and decrease undesired ones. This method provides a clear understanding of the relationship between actions and outcomes, leading to improved safety performance. Tailoring rewards (A) may not always align with desired safety outcomes. Setting specific and difficult goals (B) may not always be effective in changing behavior. Providing lots of feedback (D) is important but may not directly address linking behavior to consequences.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: identified regulation. In this scenario, Dave is motivated by a sense of personal importance and alignment with his values and beliefs. Identified regulation involves engaging in a behavior because it is personally meaningful and consistent with one's identity. Dave's motivation stems from a genuine concern for his coworker's safety and a desire to uphold safety protocols for ethical reasons. Incorrect options: A: External regulation - This involves performing a behavior to receive a reward or avoid punishment, which is not the case for Dave. B: Introjected regulation - This type of motivation involves engaging in a behavior to avoid guilt or attain ego-enhancement. Dave's motivation goes beyond this as he is driven by a deeper sense of responsibility. D: Integrated regulation - This level of motivation involves behaviors that are fully assimilated into one's sense of self, which may not fully align with Dave's scenario as he is primarily focused on the consequences of his actions on others rather than internalizing the behavior completely.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Because 25% of worldwide preventable illnesses are caused by poor environmental quality, nurses need to ask critical questions about their clients' work and home environments to help discern the contributions of specific hazards to their health. This can be accomplished by an environmental health history. The other responses do not address a question that would be addressed during an environmental health history.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The ultimate goal is liberating people from health-damaging environmental conditions by using collective actions. Mechanisms have included strategic organization, litigation, public hearing testimony, letter-writing campaigns, legislative lobbying, and mass demonstrations. Helping the community create political change through organization, use of media, legislative lobbying, and mass demonstrations shows how collective action can be applied. The other interventions do not demonstrate the use of collective action.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Discriminatory land use ensures that many impoverished and marginalized groups, especially people of color, live in close proximity to industrial contamination. Members of these communities are at risk for illness and injury. The other responses do not correctly define discriminatory land use.