According to the physical activity and fitness section of the Healthy People 2020 report, what percentage of adults 18 years of age or older report no leisure-time physical activity?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX Questions, understanding the physical activity and fitness data from Healthy People 2020 is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals. The correct answer, D) 46%, reflects the percentage of adults 18 years and older who report no leisure-time physical activity. This statistic is alarming as it highlights a significant portion of the population that may be at risk for various health issues associated with sedentary lifestyles. Option A) 16%, Option B) 26%, and Option C) 36% are incorrect because they represent lower percentages of adults engaging in no leisure-time physical activity. Understanding this data is essential for nurses as they promote health and wellness in their practice. By recognizing the high percentage of adults not engaging in physical activity, nurses can emphasize the importance of exercise in preventing chronic diseases, maintaining a healthy weight, and improving overall well-being. Educationally, this question reinforces the significance of health promotion and the role of physical activity in maintaining optimal health. Nurses need to be well-versed in public health data like the Healthy People report to tailor interventions and education effectively to address the needs of their patients. By knowing and utilizing this information, nurses can empower individuals to make positive lifestyle changes that support their health and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding exercise prescription is crucial for promoting health and preventing diseases. The correct answer is option C: Having mild musculoskeletal discomfort. This is because monitoring the rate of perceived exertion involves assessing how hard the exercise feels to an individual. Mild musculoskeletal discomfort indicates that the exercise intensity is at an appropriate level. Option A, talking and singing without difficulty, is incorrect as it indicates a low level of exertion, which may not be effective for achieving fitness goals. Option B, feeling extremely fatigued, is incorrect as it suggests overexertion, which can lead to injury and fatigue. Option D, being out of breath, is also incorrect as it may indicate exercise intensity that is too high for the individual's current fitness level. Educationally, it is important to teach individuals about monitoring their rate of perceived exertion to ensure they are exercising at an intensity that is safe and effective for their fitness level. By understanding and applying this concept, individuals can optimize the benefits of exercise while minimizing the risk of injury or overexertion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) The person will walk one-quarter mile a day, 5 days a week. This goal is appropriately specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART criteria) for a person who is obese, sedentary, and has Type 2 diabetes. Walking regularly can help improve insulin sensitivity, aid in weight management, and promote overall health. Option A is vague and lacks specificity. Simply stating "The person will exercise more often" does not provide a clear target for behavior change. Option B suggesting consuming only 900 calories a day is unsafe and unrealistic, as it is significantly below the recommended daily caloric intake for most adults. Option D is overly restrictive and may lead to feelings of deprivation and failure. Total elimination of refined sugar and processed foods can be challenging to maintain long-term and may not be necessary for managing Type 2 diabetes. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to set realistic and achievable goals with patients to promote adherence and success in health behavior changes. By focusing on gradual increases in physical activity, like walking, individuals can build confidence and establish healthy habits that support long-term well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of nursing care, "being with" the client refers to a deep level of presence, empathy, and connection that goes beyond just completing tasks. Option C, silently praying with a client when requested to do so, exemplifies this concept. This action demonstrates respect for the client's beliefs, provides emotional support, and shows a willingness to engage at a personal level, promoting holistic care. Option A, answering a call bell, and option B, completing a dressing change, are important nursing tasks but do not necessarily embody the same level of emotional and spiritual support as "being with" the client. These actions focus more on physical care rather than emotional or spiritual well-being. Option D, teaching a client about their medication regime, is a valuable aspect of nursing practice that promotes health promotion and maintenance. However, educating the client, while essential, does not directly reflect the deep emotional presence and connection implied by the concept of "being with" the client. In nursing education, it is crucial to emphasize the importance of holistic care that encompasses physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects. Encouraging students to understand the significance of emotional support, empathy, and connection in nursing practice helps foster a patient-centered approach that promotes overall well-being and healing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the concept of growth is crucial as it can impact drug dosing, efficacy, and safety across different age groups. The correct answer is D) Growth occurs throughout the life cycle. This statement is accurate as growth is a continuous process that occurs from infancy to old age. Option A) is incorrect as growth does not solely occur in early childhood, but rather continues throughout life. This misconception could lead to errors in dosing medications in pediatric and geriatric populations. Option B) is incorrect because older adults do experience growth-related changes, such as changes in bone density or muscle mass. Option C) is incorrect as growth encompasses not only the increase in the size of specific organs and systems but also includes cellular proliferation, differentiation, and overall development. Understanding that growth is a lifelong process is essential for healthcare providers to appropriately assess and manage patients of all ages in pharmacological interventions.