ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
According to the FAB classification, the L2 stage is characterized by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because according to the FAB classification, the L2 stage is characterized by large homogenous blasts with scanty nucleoli and a higher nucleus to cytoplasm ratio. This stage represents acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a high risk of relapse. Choice A is incorrect as it describes the L1 stage. Choice B is incorrect as it describes the L3 stage. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the characteristics of the L2 stage.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has an altered level of T and B cells. The nurse realizes that these cells are members of which cell type?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lymphocytes. T and B cells are types of lymphocytes, a crucial component of the immune system responsible for fighting infections. T cells regulate immune responses, while B cells produce antibodies. Platelets (A), eosinophils (B), and red blood cells (D) are not involved in immune responses and do not possess the functions of T and B cells. Platelets are involved in blood clotting, eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions, and red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a bone marrow aspiration from the posterior iliac crest. Before the procedure, the patient's vital signs were: blood pressure 132/82 mm Hg and pulse 88 beats/min. One hour after the procedure, the blood pressure is 108/70 mm Hg and pulse is 96 beats/min. Which assessment is the least important for the patient at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check the patient's most recent complete blood count report. This assessment is the least important at this time because changes in vital signs post-bone marrow aspiration are more indicative of immediate complications such as bleeding or shock, which require prompt attention. Checking the complete blood count report would not provide immediate actionable information in this acute situation. Summary: A: Observing the puncture site is important for signs of bleeding or infection. C: Asking the patient about lightheadedness or dizziness is crucial to assess for signs of hypovolemia or shock. D: Determining if the patient had any medications before the procedure is essential to identify possible adverse drug interactions.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is being prepared to receive a prescribed blood transfusion. What is the best way that the LPN can assist the health team to prevent a transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Identifying the patient and blood product is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions. 2. Matching the patient's identity with the blood product minimizes risk of incompatibility. 3. This step ensures the right blood type and product are administered, preventing serious reactions. 4. LPNs play a key role in assisting the RN in verifying and confirming patient and blood product identity. Summary: A: Monitoring vital signs is important but doesn't directly prevent transfusion reactions. B: Warming blood can improve patient comfort but does not prevent reactions. C: Administering Benadryl addresses possible allergic reactions but doesn't prevent incompatibility issues.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is prescribed a transfusion of washed packed red blood cells. What should the nurse realize as being the rationale for the using this type of blood?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduces the risk of a febrile reaction. Washed packed red blood cells are used to remove plasma proteins, white blood cells, and platelets, reducing the risk of febrile reactions caused by leukocytes and cytokines. Choice A is incorrect because washing red blood cells does not impact the risk of hypothermia. Choice B is incorrect as washing does not clean the cells of impurities. Choice D is incorrect as the washing process does not remove harmful particles from the blood.