According to the Cochran review of January 2019, GP health reviews for people under 65 (medical history, physical examinations, screening for several diseases at once, behavioral interventions) have little or no impact on the reduction in mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Such reviews are an example of:

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Public Health Foundations Questions

Question 1 of 5

According to the Cochran review of January 2019, GP health reviews for people under 65 (medical history, physical examinations, screening for several diseases at once, behavioral interventions) have little or no impact on the reduction in mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Such reviews are an example of:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: This is an example of health technology assessment (HTA), evaluating the effectiveness of health interventions like GP reviews.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following risk factors are conducive to injuries and accidents (especially traffic ones)? 1) drugs; 2) alcohol abuse; 3) dangerous car driving; 4) failure to use seatbelts; 5) low physical activity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Drugs, alcohol, dangerous driving, and not using seatbelts directly increase traffic accident risk; low physical activity does not.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following measures are necessary in order to reduce morbidity and premature mortality due to cardiovascular diseases? 1) improving nutrition; 2) reducing incidence of diabetes; 3) increasing physical activity; 4) reducing smoking and alcohol consumption; 5) fighting hypertension and atrial fibrillation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: All listed measures address key risk factors (diet, diabetes, inactivity, smoking, alcohol, hypertension) for cardiovascular disease.

Question 4 of 5

In the years 2016 - 2018 African Swine Fever occurred in Asia and Africa (only in domestic pigs) as well as in Europe (in wild boars and domestic pigs). In 2018 ASF outbreaks in domestic pigs occurred in six EU countries (Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Italy, Bulgaria). The occurrence of ASF bears the hallmark of:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: ASF in multiple regions affecting animals (pigs/boars) is an epizootic, a disease outbreak in animal populations.

Question 5 of 5

According to NCD Risk Factor Collaboration studies published in 2016 (eLife 2016;5:e13410), among men born in 1996 the tallest are the Dutch, whose height on average is 182.5 cm, and the 95% level of confidence is 180.6-184.5 cm. The probability that the average height of the Dutch falls outside that level is:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A 95% confidence interval means there’s a 5% chance the true mean lies outside the range (2.5% on each tail of the distribution).

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