According to Kramer, nurses in the shock phase should ask themselves:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because in the shock phase, nurses should focus on self-reflection and personal growth to cope effectively with the challenges. Asking what changes they can make to feel good about their career choice promotes self-awareness and resilience. Choices A and D focus on external factors, which may not address personal development. Choice B reflects a self-critical mindset, which can be detrimental to emotional well-being during the shock phase.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ask to observe the skill as it is being performed; then perform it under direct supervision. This approach allows the novice nurse to learn through observation and hands-on practice under direct supervision, ensuring proper technique and safety. By observing the skill first, the nurse can understand the correct steps and potential challenges. Performing the skill under supervision provides real-time feedback and guidance. This method promotes active learning and confidence-building. Rationale for incorrect choices: A: Reading the procedure manual is helpful but may not provide the necessary hands-on experience and immediate feedback required for skill acquisition. B: Practicing in a skills laboratory can be beneficial, but it may not offer the opportunity for direct supervision and feedback from experienced professionals. D: Trying to remember from a previous simulation may not be reliable and lacks the real-time guidance and correction needed for skill mastery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates respect for the experienced staff member's expertise by asking for their input and suggestions. This approach fosters open communication, encourages collaboration, and shows a willingness to learn from others. Choice A lacks clarity and assumes the staff member knows the patients in question. Choice C is presumptuous and dismissive of the staff member's autonomy. Choice D is authoritarian and does not promote a positive working relationship. Ultimately, choice B promotes teamwork and mutual respect, leading to a smoother delegation process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Cost-benefit ratio involves weighing the benefits of saying yes against the costs of the time commitment. 2. Professional nurses must consider the impact on patient care, workload, and personal well-being. 3. By evaluating the cost-benefit ratio, nurses can make informed decisions aligned with professional responsibilities and ethical standards. Summary: Choice A is correct because it emphasizes a systematic approach to decision-making based on evaluating the overall impact of the time commitment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the essential consideration of weighing costs and benefits in decision-making.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in the ABC system, tasks coded as A are considered the most important and urgent. Calling the pharmacy to check drug availability for a patient directly impacts patient care and safety, making it a priority. B, checking a ventilator alarm, is important but not as urgent as ensuring medication availability. C, organizing the medication cart, is important but not necessarily urgent like patient-related tasks. D, writing memos for a birthday gift, is neither urgent nor directly related to patient care. Therefore, A is the correct choice for being the most critical task in the ABC system.