ATI RN
Pharmacology of CNS Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
Acarbose is an inhibitor of the following enzyme:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acarbose (choice B) inhibits α-glucosidase, an enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down complex carbohydrates into glucose, delaying absorption and reducing postprandial glucose spikes in type 2 diabetes. Phosphodiesterase (choice A) is targeted by drugs like sildenafil, unrelated to glucose metabolism. Cyclo-oxygenase (choice C), inhibited by NSAIDs, affects prostaglandin synthesis, not carbohydrates. Cholinesterase (choice D), blocked by anticholinesterases, impacts acetylcholine, not glucose. α-glucosidase inhibition is Acarbose's specific action, making it effective for glycemic control without systemic insulin effects. This mechanism highlights its role in dietary glucose management, distinguishing it from other antidiabetic drugs and aiding in patient education about its GI side effects like flatulence.
Question 2 of 5
The insulin preparation which can be given intravenously is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
Prednisone is converted to which of the following by the liver?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prednisone (choice C) is a prodrug converted to prednisolone, its active form, by liver 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, enhancing anti-inflammatory action. Cortisone (choice A) and Hydrocortisone (choice B) are distinct, Methylprednisolone (choice D) isn't a metabolite. This clarifies corticosteroid metabolism.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drugs can cause lactic acidosis:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A 24-year-old woman was found to have mild hyperthyroidism due to Grave's disease. The decision is made to begin treatment with methimazole. Methimazole reduces serum concentration of T3 primarily by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.