ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion is the study of herdrugs':
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics is the study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body. These processes determine the concentration of a drug at its site of action and contribute to understanding the drug's effectiveness and potential side effects. Therefore, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are key components of pharmacokinetics. Pharmacodynamics (Choice A) refers to the study of the physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, which is different from the processes involved in drug movement through the body. Therapeutic action (Choice C) refers to the desired effects of a drug in treating a specific condition, rather than the processes involved in drug processing in the body. Pharmaceutical preparation (Choice D) is related to the formulation and development of drugs before their administration, not to the processes within the body. Toxic effect (Choice E) refers to the harmful effects of drugs, which can result from various factors including pharmacokin
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is defined as the least stimulus intensity at which a subject perceives pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pain threshold is defined as the least stimulus intensity at which a subject perceives pain. It represents the point at which a person first acknowledges experiencing pain. Pain threshold varies among individuals and can be influenced by various factors such as genetics, emotional state, culture, and past experiences with pain. It is an important concept in understanding an individual's sensitivity to pain and can be different from their pain tolerance level, which refers to the maximum level of pain a person is willing to endure. Analgesia involves the relief of pain, nociception is the body's physiological response to noxious stimuli, and polymodal refers to nerve fibers that respond to multiple types of stimuli.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is admitted to the hospital with multidrug-resistant urinary tract infection. Laboratory tests show Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colistimethate sodium is ordered by intramuscular injection. The nurse understands that which of the following is the purpose for this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colistimethate sodium is a polymyxin antibiotic used to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is not safe for patients with renal impairments and does not prevent antibiotic resistance. Its primary purpose is to treat infections caused by resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Question 4 of 5
The patient takes labetalol and is scheduled for surgery. The anesthesiologist plans to use halothane as one of the anesthetic agents. The nurse consults with the anesthesiologist to ensure awareness the patient’s medication history knowing that the combination of labetalol and halothane will have what effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: There is increased risk of excessive hypotension if any of these drugs is combined with volatile liquid general anesthetics such as enflurane, halothane, or isoflurane. The effectiveness of diabetic agents is increased, leading to hypoglycemia when such agents are used with these drugs. Carvedilol has been associated with potentially dangerous conduction system disturbances when combined with verapamil or diltiazem. Vomiting is not associated with this combination of drugs. The nurse should communicate the patient’s medication history to the anesthesiologist to ensure safe administration of anesthesia.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is taking ibuprofen. The nurse understands that COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors are different in that ibuprofen is more likely than celecoxib to cause which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ibuprofen is a non-selective COX inhibitor, meaning it inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. COX-1 is responsible for maintaining the protective lining of the stomach, and its inhibition can lead to gastrointestinal adverse effects such as peptic ulcer disease. Celecoxib, on the other hand, is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which primarily targets inflammation and pain without significantly affecting the stomach lining. Therefore, ibuprofen is more likely to cause peptic ulcer disease compared to celecoxib. This distinction is crucial for nurses to understand when managing patients on these medications, as it impacts patient monitoring and education.