Abdominal pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period is known as _________.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: dysmenorrhoea. Dysmenorrhoea specifically refers to abdominal pain caused by uterine cramps during menstruation. "Dys-" means difficult or painful, and "menorrhoea" refers to menstruation. Choice B, hypermenorrhoea, refers to abnormally heavy menstrual bleeding, not abdominal pain. Choice C, menometrorrhagia, refers to irregular and excessive uterine bleeding, not specifically related to abdominal pain. Choice D, polymenorrhoea, refers to frequent menstrual cycles, not abdominal pain. In summary, dysmenorrhoea is the correct answer because it accurately describes the abdominal pain associated with uterine cramps during menstruation, while the other choices pertain to different menstrual abnormalities.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: shelters the male gonad. The scrotum houses and protects the testes, the male gonads responsible for sperm production. This is crucial for maintaining optimal temperature for spermatogenesis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the scrotum is located below the external male genital organ, has separate tunics from the abdominal wall, and is considered part of the external genital organs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: ovary. The female genitive ducts refer to the structures involved in the production, transport, and release of eggs. The ovary is the primary organ responsible for producing eggs. The uterus, vulva, and vagina are not directly involved in egg production but rather in the reception, nurturing, and passage of the egg. Therefore, the ovary is the correct choice as it is a key structure in the female reproductive system responsible for egg production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the ovary does indeed display a cortical area with lax connective tissue, vessels, and nerves. This area is known as the ovarian cortex. This choice accurately describes the anatomical features present in the ovary. Choice A is incorrect because not every month does a secondary follicle become a mature follicle. It is a gradual process that occurs over several cycles. Choice C is incorrect because a mature follicle does not transform into a tertiary follicle monthly starting from puberty. Instead, a mature follicle releases an egg during ovulation. Choice D is incorrect because the average female has around 400,000 follicles at birth, and only about 400 will become mature and be released during her reproductive years.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the arteries supplying the uterus arise from the abdominal aorta. The uterine arteries branch off the anterior division of the internal iliac artery, which itself arises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. This vascular supply ensures that the uterus receives oxygenated blood rich in nutrients necessary for its proper function. Choice A is incorrect because the common iliac artery does not directly supply blood to the uterus. Choice C is incorrect because the veins draining the uterus ultimately empty into the internal iliac veins, which then drain into the common iliac veins and not directly into the inferior vena cava. Choice D is incorrect because while the uterine arteries are indeed branches off the internal iliac artery, the internal iliac artery itself arises from the common iliac artery and not directly from the abdominal aorta.