ATI RN
Client Comfort and End of Care ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A young woman has been in an automobile crash and sustained a laceration across the left side of her face, resulting in a large scar. What nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this disfigurement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facial scarring alters self-view. 'Disturbed Body Image' fitse.g., 'I'm ugly now' reflects perception shift, per Taylor's NANDA, post-crash. 'Anxiety' may coexiste.g., 'Will it heal?'but isn't specific. 'Deficient Knowledge' is learning neede.g., scar care, not image. 'Impaired Memory' is cognitivee.g., unrelated to disfigurement. A scare.g., 5 cm across her cheektriggers esteem loss (e.g., avoiding mirrors), a nursing priority for counseling. Choice B is the correct, targeted diagnosis.
Question 2 of 5
An individual steps into a tub of very hot water and immediately jumps out again. What mechanism caused this response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hot water triggers instant withdrawal. 'Reflex pain response' caused ite.g., nociceptors signal spinal cord, pulling foot in 0.2 seconds, per Taylor's neurology, a protective arc. 'Inflammatory response' is slowere.g., swelling post-burn, not instant. 'General adaptation syndrome' is chronice.g., not a split-second act. 'Fight-or-flight response' is systemice.g., adrenaline, not localized reflex. A nurse knowse.g., C-fibers fire, no brain neededreflex saves from harm, unlike GAS's stages. Choice B is the correct, rapid mechanism.
Question 3 of 5
The wife of a patient on hospice at home is diagnosed with caregiver burden. Which of the following best describes this syndrome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Caregiver burden is strain. 'Prolonged stress from caring for a family member at home' describese.g., 24/7 hospice care exhausts, per Taylor's caregiving lens, emotional/physical toll. Choice B, 'inability to provide,' is skille.g., not burden's core. Choice C, 'insufficient funds,' is financiale.g., separate issue. Choice D, 'siblings,' narrowse.g., not wife's load. A nurse hearse.g., 'I'm drained'burden's 40% prevalence, needing respite. Choice A is the correct, broad syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
What philosophy for handling stress can nurses encourage patients to adopt?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stress needs pragmatic wisdom. 'Accept what can't be changed, change what can't be accepted' workse.g., 'I can't fix traffic, but I can leave early,' per Taylor's coping, fostering control. Choice A, 'one for all,' is teamworke.g., not personal. Choice B, 'do today,' pushese.g., risks overwhelm. Choice C, 'get busy,' ignores limitse.g., burnout at 60 tasks. A nurse teachese.g., 'Let go of weather, plan your day' serenity prayer's echo, 70% stress drop. Choice D is the correct, effective philosophy.
Question 5 of 5
According to the Harvard University Medical School committee, what function must be irreversibly lost to define death?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Death's legal definition hinges on a key loss. 'Brain function' must be irreversiblee.g., no EEG activity, per Taylor's Harvard criteria (1968), marking total cessation. 'Respiratory functions' stope.g., no breathingbut machines sustain, not death alone. 'Reflexes' fadee.g., pupils fixedbut not definitive. 'Consciousness' lapsese.g., comabut reversible. A nurse checkse.g., no brainstem response (e.g., 100% of brain-dead)legal standard, unlike heart-lung focus pre-1968. Brain deathe.g., no reflexes, apneasets end, making Choice D the correct, modern criterion.