ATI RN
Psychotropic Medication Side Effects Questions
Question 1 of 5
A young swimmer comes to the sports clinic complaining of a very sore shoulder. He was running at the pool, slipped on some wet concrete, and tried to catch himself with his outstretched hand. He landed on his outstretched hand and has not been able to move his shoulder since. The nurse suspects:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dislocated shoulder. The mechanism of injury described, falling on an outstretched hand with inability to move the shoulder, is suggestive of a dislocated shoulder. Dislocation commonly occurs when the humeral head is forced out of the glenoid cavity due to trauma. Other choices are not consistent with the mechanism of injury. Joint effusion typically presents with swelling and decreased range of motion. Rotator cuff tear usually results from repetitive overhead motions. Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, involves gradual onset of stiffness and pain. Therefore, based on the presented scenario, a dislocated shoulder is the most likely diagnosis.
Question 2 of 5
The wife of a 65-year-old man tells the nurse that she is concerned because she has noticed a change in her husband's personality and ability to understand. He also cries very easily and becomes angry. The nurse recalls that the cerebral lobe responsible for these behaviors is the __________ lobe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is responsible for personality, emotional control, decision-making, and understanding. Changes in personality, emotional lability, and difficulty in understanding are associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. Parietal lobe (B) is mainly responsible for sensory processing and spatial awareness. Occipital lobe (C) is responsible for visual processing. Temporal lobe (D) is involved in auditory processing and memory. Therefore, in this case, the symptoms described by the wife point towards dysfunction in the frontal lobe.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a severed spinal nerve as a result of trauma. Which statement is true in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Spinal nerves carry both sensory and motor information. Step 2: When a spinal nerve is severed, the sensory input from that specific dermatome is lost. Step 3: The adjacent spinal nerves do not compensate for the severed nerve's sensory function. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is C, as sensations for the dermatome served by the severed nerve are lost. Summary: A: Incorrect - Severing a spinal nerve affects sensory and motor functions, not just motor. B: Incorrect - Sensation is lost in the dermatome served by the severed nerve. D: Incorrect - Spinal nerves contain both sensory and motor components, so a severed nerve affects both functions.
Question 4 of 5
In obtaining a health history on a 74-year-old patient, the nurse notes that he drinks alcohol daily and that he has noticed a tremor in his hands that affects his ability to hold things. With this information, what response should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Assess if alcohol consumption is related to tremor by asking if the tremor changes when drinking. Step 2: Tremors can be alcohol-related or caused by other factors, hence a targeted question is crucial. Step 3: Addressing alcohol consumption and tremor relationship helps in understanding the patient's condition. Step 4: Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly address the potential relationship between alcohol consumption and tremor.
Question 5 of 5
The assessment of a 60-year-old patient has taken longer than anticipated. In testing his pain perception, the nurse decides to complete the test as quickly as possible. When the nurse applies the sharp point of the pin on his arm several times, he is only able to identify these as one 'very sharp prick.' What would be the most accurate explanation for this?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: This response is most likely the result of the summation effect. This phenomenon occurs when multiple stimuli are perceived as one due to rapid succession. In this case, the nurse applied the sharp point of the pin several times quickly, causing the patient to perceive them as one sharp prick. This is a normal physiological response and does not indicate hyperesthesia, inadequate poking force, or variations in pain perception across different areas of the arm.