A young male patient is referred to the nurse for initiation of intramuscular androgen therapy for hypogonadism. What information should the nurse give this patient? (Select one that doesn't apply.)

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B is the correct answer because sexual development does not begin immediately upon initiation of androgen therapy. It takes time for the body to respond to hormonal changes, and significant changes in sexual development would not occur instantaneously. Option A is incorrect because a trial of androgen therapy for hypogonadism is typically long-term rather than a short 4- to 6-month period followed by rest. This therapy is usually continued unless there are adverse effects or lack of efficacy. Option C is incorrect because dosages of androgen therapy are adjusted based on clinical response and symptom improvement rather than solely relying on periodic plasma testosterone levels. Option D is incorrect because growth monitoring by radiography is not typically necessary for androgen therapy for hypogonadism unless there are specific concerns about bone health or growth patterns. From an educational perspective, understanding the timing and expectations of treatment outcomes in hormone therapy is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively educate patients and manage their expectations. It is important for nurses to provide accurate information to patients to ensure they have a clear understanding of their treatment plan and potential outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Progesterone plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy by preparing the uterus for implantation and maintaining the endometrium. The correct answer, B) Maintains the endometrium, is the primary function of progesterone. It helps create a suitable environment for a fertilized egg to implant and supports early pregnancy. Option A) Stimulates ovulation is incorrect because progesterone is not involved in the initial release of an egg from the ovary; that is primarily regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH). Option C) Inhibits FSH secretion is incorrect because progesterone does not directly inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); it acts on the endometrium. Option D) Promotes follicular growth is incorrect because progesterone's main role is to support the endometrial lining rather than stimulate follicular development. Understanding the functions of progesterone is essential for students studying the endocrine and reproductive systems as well as for healthcare professionals working in fields like obstetrics and gynecology. Knowing how progesterone influences the menstrual cycle and pregnancy is crucial for managing hormonal imbalances and fertility issues. This knowledge also aids in interpreting the effects of hormonal contraceptives and fertility treatments.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the menstrual cycle, the endometrium is shed during menstruation. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus that thickens in preparation for a possible pregnancy and sheds if no fertilization occurs. This shedding results in menstruation. Option A, the myometrium, is the middle muscular layer of the uterus responsible for contractions during labor and menstruation, not shed during menstruation. Option B, the perimetrium, is the outer layer of the uterus that covers its surface, not involved in shedding during menstruation. Option D, the basal layer, is the layer of the endometrium that remains intact after menstruation, providing a base for the regeneration of the functional layer. Understanding the layers of the uterus and their functions is crucial in comprehending the menstrual cycle and reproductive health. It is essential for students to grasp these concepts for a deeper understanding of reproductive physiology and potential issues that may arise.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) 28 days, as this represents the average duration of a menstrual cycle in a typical adult woman. Understanding the menstrual cycle is crucial in reproductive health education. Option A) 24 days is shorter than the average menstrual cycle and may indicate a shorter cycle, which can sometimes be abnormal and require medical attention. Option C) 30 days is slightly longer than the average menstrual cycle and could suggest a longer cycle, which may also be indicative of an irregular cycle. Option D) 35 days is significantly longer than the average menstrual cycle and could signify a longer cycle, which might be irregular and warrant further investigation. Educationally, knowing the average duration of a menstrual cycle is essential for individuals to monitor their reproductive health, understand fertility patterns, and recognize any irregularities that may require medical evaluation. It is important to empower individuals with this knowledge to promote their overall well-being and reproductive health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer to the question "Which hormone peaks just before ovulation?" is B) LH (Luteinizing Hormone). LH is responsible for triggering the release of the mature egg from the ovary during ovulation. This surge in LH levels occurs approximately 24-36 hours before ovulation, making it the hormone that peaks just before ovulation. Now, let's explore why the other options are incorrect: A) FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone): FSH is involved in stimulating the growth and development of ovarian follicles in the ovary. It does not peak just before ovulation but rather earlier in the menstrual cycle. C) Estrogen: Estrogen levels do increase leading up to ovulation, but it is not the hormone that peaks just before ovulation. Estrogen plays a role in thickening the uterine lining in preparation for a possible pregnancy. D) Progesterone: Progesterone levels increase after ovulation and play a crucial role in preparing the uterus for a potential pregnancy by maintaining the uterine lining. It does not peak just before ovulation. Educational Context: Understanding the hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle is essential for individuals, especially those trying to conceive or manage their reproductive health. Recognizing the role of LH in triggering ovulation can help individuals track their fertility window and optimize their chances of conception. Additionally, for healthcare professionals, this knowledge is crucial in diagnosing and treating reproductive health issues.