A young female member in a therapy group says to an older female member, You are just like my mother, always trying to control me with your observations and suggestions. Which therapeutic factor of a group is evident by this behavior?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The younger patient is demonstrating an emotional attachment to the older patient that mirrors patterns within her own family of origin, a phenomenon called corrective recapitulation of the primary family group. Feedback from the group then helps the member gain insight about this behavior and leads to more effective ways of relating to her family members. Instillation of hope involves conveying optimism and sharing progress. Existential resolution refers to the realization that certain existential experiences such as death are part of life, aiding the adjustment to such realities. Development of socializing techniques involves gaining social skills through the groups feedback and practice within the group.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Asking others to share their experiences will facilitate discussion of an issue. Giving information may serve to close discussion of the issue because it sounds final. Suggesting a focus on the positives implies a discussion of the issue is not appropriate. Suggesting other possible feelings is inappropriate at this point, considering the patient has identified feelings of sadness and seems to have a desire to explore this feeling. Focusing on other feelings will derail discussion of the patients grief for his perceived lost potential.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is D) Seizure activity. During electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which is a procedure used to treat severe depression, the patient is deliberately induced into a controlled seizure. This seizure activity is a desired and expected outcome of the treatment. Therefore, monitoring the patient for seizure activity is crucial to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. The nurse needs to be vigilant in observing the patient's response to the treatment to prevent any complications that may arise during or after the seizure. Option A) Euphoria is incorrect because while some patients may experience euphoria as a side effect of ECT, it is not the primary reason for monitoring the patient. Option B) Immediate alertness after the procedure and sleepiness later in the day is incorrect because these are common side effects of ECT but do not pose immediate risks that require monitoring. Option C) Urine retention is incorrect as it is not a common or immediate concern during or after ECT. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the need for monitoring during ECT is essential for nursing students or healthcare professionals working in psychiatric settings. It underscores the importance of patient safety, the specific monitoring requirements for ECT procedures, and the knowledge needed to provide optimal care for patients undergoing this treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Dehydration. Understanding the impact of dehydration on fluid and sodium levels is crucial for patients taking lithium to prevent toxicity. Lithium is a medication that affects the balance of sodium and water in the body. Dehydration can lead to a decrease in fluid volume and concentration of electrolytes, including sodium. This can cause lithium levels to become elevated and potentially toxic. Option A) Muscle weakness is incorrect because it is a general symptom of lithium toxicity and not directly related to fluid and sodium levels. Option B) Lithium level of 0.7 is incorrect as it is within the therapeutic range for lithium and does not directly impact fluid and sodium levels. Option D) Hypertension is incorrect as it is a potential side effect of lithium but does not directly influence fluid and sodium levels leading to toxicity. In an educational context, it is important for patients taking lithium to be aware of factors that can influence their medication levels to maintain their health. Educating patients on the importance of staying hydrated and monitoring their fluid intake can help prevent adverse effects of lithium toxicity. It is essential for healthcare providers to empower patients with knowledge to make informed decisions regarding their health and medication management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, option A is the correct answer because urine retention and changes in blood glucose are common anticholinergic effects associated with tricyclic antidepressant therapy. Tricyclic antidepressants have strong anticholinergic properties, leading to these specific symptoms. Option B, respiratory depression, is more commonly associated with opioid overdose or central nervous system depressants, not typically seen with tricyclic antidepressant therapy. Option C, delirium, is a potential side effect of tricyclic antidepressants, but it is not specific to anticholinergic effects and can be caused by various factors. Option D, cardiac arrhythmias, are more commonly associated with the cardiotoxic effects of tricyclic antidepressants rather than anticholinergic effects. Educationally, understanding the side effects of medications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Recognizing anticholinergic effects can help nurses intervene promptly and prevent potential complications for patients. It is important for nurses to be knowledgeable about medication side effects, their mechanisms of action, and appropriate nursing interventions to ensure patient safety and well-being.