A young child is found wandering alone at a mall. A male store employee approaches and asks where her parents are. She responds, 'I don't know. Maybe you will take me home with you?' This sort of response in children may be due to:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A lack of bonding as an infant. This response suggests the child may not have a secure attachment to their parents, leading to a lack of trust and safety. It indicates a potential emotional neglect or lack of consistent caregiving in early childhood. Other choices are incorrect because B (healthy confidence) would not lead a child to seek refuge with a stranger, C (adequate parental bonding) would not result in such behavior, and D (normal parenting) assumes the child's behavior is typical, which in this case, it is not.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Family therapy. Family therapy is the most suitable option as it involves addressing the family's difficulties in coping with Ling's illness due to their cultural beliefs. By involving the family in therapy, it can help improve communication, understanding, and support for Ling. Outpatient therapy (A) may not address the family dynamics adequately. Long-term inpatient care (C) may not be necessary and could potentially isolate Ling from her family. Assimilation therapy (D) is not a recognized therapeutic modality and may not address the root issue of cultural differences within the family.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in a voluntary admission, the patient willingly seeks mental healthcare and does not pose a substantial threat to themselves or others. This ensures that the patient has the capacity to make decisions about their own care. Choice B is incorrect because the right to seek legal counsel applies to involuntary admissions where the patient's rights are restricted. Choice C is incorrect as a written request is not always necessary for voluntary admissions. Choice D is incorrect because a previous diagnosis is not necessarily a requirement for voluntary admission.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of a Psychotropic Medication Quiz, the most likely diagnosis for a patient exhibiting symptoms such as involuntary movements, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes would be Huntington's disease. Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms like chorea, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms can be mistaken for other conditions, but the distinct combination of symptoms seen in Huntington's sets it apart from other conditions. Option A, Tardive dyskinesia, is a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications and typically presents with abnormal, involuntary movements of the face and body. Option B, Alzheimer's dementia, primarily affects memory and cognitive function without the characteristic motor symptoms seen in the patient. Option C, Pseudo-dementia, refers to cognitive deficits that mimic dementia but are caused by underlying psychiatric conditions rather than neurodegenerative disorders. In an educational context, understanding the differential diagnosis of movement disorders and cognitive decline is crucial for healthcare professionals working with patients on psychotropic medications. Recognizing the distinct features of each condition helps in accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment planning, and providing quality care to patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct diagnostic procedure that the nurse should expect to prepare the patient for first is a Computed Tomography (CT) scan (Option B). A CT scan is the most appropriate initial imaging study for differentiating between Alzheimer's disease and multiple infarcts due to its ability to provide detailed cross-sectional images of the brain, allowing for the visualization of any structural abnormalities such as infarcts or brain atrophy associated with Alzheimer's disease. Skull x-rays (Option A) are not commonly used for diagnosing intracranial conditions due to their limited ability to provide detailed information about brain structures. Positron-emission tomography (PET) (Option C) and Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (Option D) are functional imaging modalities that can assess brain function and blood flow but are typically used after structural abnormalities have been identified to further characterize the nature of the condition. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the rationale behind selecting specific diagnostic procedures to ensure appropriate and timely patient care. By knowing the strengths and limitations of each imaging modality, nurses can advocate for the most effective diagnostic approach, leading to accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning for patients exhibiting cognitive changes.