A young adult patient is admitted to the hospital for evaluation of right lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Palpate the abdomen for rebound tenderness. This action is essential to assess for signs of possible appendicitis, a common cause of right lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Rebound tenderness is a classic sign of peritoneal irritation and can indicate an inflamed appendix. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Assisting the patient to cough and deep breath is not a priority in this situation and does not provide relevant information about the cause of the abdominal pain. D: Suggesting the patient lie on the side, flexing the right leg, may help alleviate some discomfort but does not provide diagnostic information about the underlying cause of the symptoms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: chief cells. Chief cells are responsible for secreting gastric enzymes, such as pepsinogen, in the stomach. These enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down proteins during digestion. Goblet cells (B) secrete mucus, parietal cells (C) secrete hydrochloric acid, and oxyntic cells (D) are another term for parietal cells. Therefore, the correct choice is A as chief cells specifically produce gastric enzymes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: liver. The liver produces and secretes bile which helps in the digestion of fats. B: gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. C: pancreas secretes digestive enzymes but not bile. D: duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where bile is released to aid in digestion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: chylomicrons. Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that transport dietary lipids (including fatty acids and glycerol) from the small intestine to the liver or muscle cells for metabolism. When chylomicrons reach the liver or muscles, lipoprotein lipase breaks them down, releasing fatty acids and glycerol for energy production or storage. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: Micelles are small lipid droplets formed in the small intestine to aid in lipid digestion and absorption, but they do not release fatty acids and glycerol when broken down. C: Lacteals are lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb dietary fats, but they do not release fatty acids and glycerol. D: Lipoproteins are involved in transporting lipids in the bloodstream but do not release fatty acids and glycerol when broken down.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.