ATI RN
Client Health and Safety Specifications Questions
Question 1 of 5
A young adult female is schedule for her annual gynecological exam which includes a Pap smear, which is a screening test for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: cervical cancer. A Pap smear is a screening test specifically designed to detect abnormal cells on the cervix that could potentially develop into cervical cancer. It is not a test for pregnancy (choice A), breast cancer (choice B), or sexually transmitted infections (choice D). Regular Pap smears are crucial for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is completing an admission assessment with an 80-year-old man who experienced a hip fracture following a fall. He is alert, lives alone, and has very poor hygiene. He reports a 20-pound weight loss in the last 6 months following his wife's death, as well as estrangement from his only child. He admits to falls before this most recent fall. What should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dementia. Given the patient's age, history of falls, poor hygiene, weight loss, social isolation, and cognitive impairment, dementia is the most likely suspicion. The patient's cognitive decline may have contributed to the falls, poor self-care, and social isolation. Weight loss and cognitive decline following a significant life event (wife's death) are common in dementia. Delirium (C) is typically acute and reversible, not chronic like dementia. Elder abuse (B) may be a concern but is not the most likely cause based on the information provided. Alcohol abuse (D) is not supported by the patient's history and presentation.
Question 3 of 5
Which assessment data indicate to the nurse the client diagnosed with ARDS has experienced a complication secondary to the ventilator?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asymmetrical chest expansion indicates a potential complication such as pneumothorax, a common complication of mechanical ventilation in ARDS. This can lead to decreased lung compliance and oxygenation. A: Urine output may indicate renal function but is not directly related to ventilator complications. B: Pulse oximeter reading greater than 95% indicates good oxygenation, which is a positive finding. D: Sinus tachycardia can be due to various reasons and is not specific to ventilator complications.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assesses that a patient in respiratory distress is developing respiratory fatigue and the risk of respiratory arrest when the patient displays which behavior?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a change in respiratory rate from rapid to slow indicates impending respiratory failure. Initially, a rapid respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism to maintain oxygenation. However, a shift to slow breathing suggests fatigue and impending respiratory arrest. A: Incorrect. Inability to breathe unless sitting upright is indicative of orthopnea, not necessarily respiratory fatigue leading to respiratory arrest. B: Incorrect. Using abdominal muscles during expiration is a normal breathing pattern and may not necessarily indicate impending respiratory arrest. C: Incorrect. An increased inspiratory-expiratory ratio may indicate respiratory distress but not specifically respiratory fatigue leading to respiratory arrest.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse will monitor for clinical manifestations of hypercapnia when a patient in the emergency department has
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: chest trauma and multiple rib fractures. This condition can lead to impaired ventilation and hypoventilation, resulting in retention of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia). The other choices do not directly lead to hypercapnia. B: carbon monoxide poisoning affects oxygen transport, not carbon dioxide levels. C: left-sided ventricular failure causes hypoxia, not hypercapnia. D: tachypnea in ARDS may lead to hypocapnia, not hypercapnia. Therefore, chest trauma with rib fractures is the most likely scenario to cause hypercapnia.