A yellow crust has formed over the circumcision site.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C) The yellow crust should not be removed. Explanation: - The yellow crust that forms over the circumcision site is a normal part of the healing process. It is composed of dried blood and tissue and acts as a protective barrier while the wound heals. Removing this crust prematurely can disrupt the healing process and increase the risk of infection. - Option A is incorrect because changing the diaper frequently and snugly is important for hygiene but is not directly related to the presence of the yellow crust over the circumcision site. - Option B is incorrect as the yellow crust is not necessarily a sign of infection but rather a natural part of the healing process. However, if there are signs of infection such as redness, swelling, warmth, or pus, then further evaluation by a healthcare provider is warranted. - Option D is incorrect as petroleum jelly is commonly used post-circumcision to keep the area moisturized and prevent the wound from sticking to the diaper. Discontinuing its use can lead to drying out of the wound and potential complications. Educational Context: Understanding the normal healing process after circumcision is essential for healthcare providers working in maternal and reproductive health nursing. Educating parents on what to expect during the healing process helps alleviate concerns and ensures proper care for the newborn. Monitoring for signs of infection and knowing when to seek medical attention are crucial aspects of post-circumcision care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "question anyone who is seen walking in the hallways carrying an infant," is the most appropriate measure to prevent newborn kidnapping. This is because questioning individuals carrying infants allows for immediate identification of unauthorized personnel who may pose a risk. This action can help ensure the safety and security of newborns in the hospital. Option A, instructing the mother not to give her infant to anyone except the assigned nurse, may not be effective as it relies solely on the mother's compliance and may not prevent unauthorized individuals from gaining access to the infant. Option C, allowing only visitors with identification bracelets, may be too restrictive and may not account for individuals who may try to gain unauthorized access through manipulation or deceit. Option D, restricting the time infants are out of the nursery, does not address the issue of unauthorized individuals gaining access to the infant at any time. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses in maternal and reproductive health to be vigilant and proactive in ensuring the safety of newborns. Understanding and implementing appropriate security measures can help prevent potential risks and ensure a safe environment for both mothers and infants in the hospital setting.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of maternal and reproductive health nursing, understanding the significance of the Apgar score is crucial for assessing the newborn's immediate health status. The correct action to take if the Apgar score is less than 7 is to repeat the assessment at 1-minute intervals until the newborn is stable (Option D). This is the correct choice because the Apgar score is a quick and effective way to evaluate a newborn's condition at birth, focusing on five key areas: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. By repeating the assessment at short intervals, the nurse can monitor the newborn's progress and response to any interventions or supportive measures provided. Option A (immediately notify the physician) may not be necessary as the nurse can take immediate actions to support the newborn based on the Apgar score. Option B (immediately administer oxygen) should be based on the clinical assessment and not solely on the Apgar score. Option C (immediately transfer the newborn to the NICU) is not always necessary if the newborn's condition can be stabilized with immediate interventions and monitoring. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of prompt and systematic assessment in newborn care. Nurses must be equipped with the knowledge and skills to interpret Apgar scores accurately and respond appropriately to ensure the best outcomes for newborns in the critical moments after birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct first nursing action is B) Begin administration of 40% humidified oxygen via hood. This choice is the most appropriate because the infant is displaying signs of respiratory distress, indicated by expiratory grunting and substernal retractions, which require immediate intervention to support adequate oxygenation. Option A, placing the infant in Trendelenburg position, is incorrect because this position is not recommended for infants with respiratory distress as it can worsen their condition by increasing pressure on the chest and compromising respiratory effort. Option C, increasing the temperature of the environment, is not the priority in this situation as the infant's respiratory distress needs to be addressed first. Option D, performing a complete assessment for congenital anomalies, is important but not the immediate priority when the infant is showing signs of respiratory distress. Addressing the respiratory distress is crucial to ensure the infant's oxygenation needs are met. In an educational context, understanding the signs of respiratory distress in infants and knowing the appropriate interventions is essential for nurses working in maternal and reproductive health. Recognizing these signs early and knowing the appropriate actions to take can prevent further complications and improve outcomes for infants in distress.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In maternal and reproductive health nursing, understanding the differences between cephalhematoma and caput succedaneum is crucial during newborn assessments. In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Edema crosses the suture line. Caput succedaneum is a diffuse swelling of the scalp that crosses suture lines, whereas cephalhematoma is a collection of blood that does not cross suture lines. Option B) Swelling increases within 24 hours is incorrect because both caput succedaneum and cephalhematoma may have swelling that persists for days to weeks but does not necessarily increase within 24 hours. Option C) Scalp over the swelling becomes ecchymotic is incorrect as ecchymosis, or bruising, is more commonly associated with cephalhematoma due to the blood collection under the periosteum. Option D) Area surrounding the swelling will be tender is incorrect as tenderness is more commonly associated with cephalhematoma due to the blood collection irritating the periosteum. Educationally, it is essential for nurses to differentiate between these conditions to provide appropriate care and interventions for newborns. Recognizing the characteristics of each condition can aid in accurate assessment, diagnosis, and management, ensuring optimal outcomes for newborns and their families.