A yeast infection is a type of vaginitis that is caused by a fungus known as

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Candida albicans. This fungus is the most common cause of yeast infections in the vaginal area. Candida albicans is a type of fungus that naturally resides in the body, but can overgrow in certain conditions, leading to an infection. Staphylococcus (choice A) and Streptococcus (choice D) are bacteria, not fungi, and are not typically associated with yeast infections. Pseudomonas (choice B) is also a bacterium and not the causative agent of yeast infections. Therefore, based on the nature of yeast infections and the known causative agent, Candida albicans is the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cartilage. Cartilage is the protective substance that covers the ends of bones. It acts as a cushion between bones, reducing friction and preventing wear and tear. Collagen is a protein found in connective tissues but is not the primary substance covering bone ends. Hormones and minerals do not directly protect the ends of bones.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Thyroid hormones, such as T3 and T4, are primarily responsible for regulating metabolism and growth in the body. They control how the body uses energy and help in the synthesis of proteins. Thyroid hormones do not directly influence heart rate and respiration (Choice A), bile production and potassium levels (Choice B), or kidney and liver function (Choice C). Thus, the correct answer is D as it aligns with the known functions of thyroid hormones.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sharing a drug needle with an infected person. This is because HIV is transmitted through blood, and sharing needles can lead to direct blood-to-blood contact, increasing the risk of HIV transmission. Kissing on the cheek (A), shaking hands (B), and sharing utensils (C) do not involve direct blood contact, so the risk of HIV transmission through these methods is extremely low or non-existent.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Supine position. When using a pulse oximetry device, the supine position can lead to inaccurate readings due to potential compression of blood vessels. This can result in false low oxygen saturation readings. Avoiding the supine position ensures accurate readings. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because excessive fluids, loose tape, and other factors do not directly impact the accuracy of pulse oximetry readings like the supine position does.