ATI RN
Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Breast Questions
Question 1 of 5
A woman who is charting her basal temperature during her cycle notes a sudden increase of 0.6°F in her waking temperature on the 15th day of her menstrual cycle. Which hormone is the cause of this finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Progesterone. On the 15th day of the menstrual cycle, the woman would have ovulated, leading to the release of the egg and the formation of the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, which causes an increase in basal body temperature. FSH (A) is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles, not the temperature increase. Estrogen (C) levels peak before ovulation but do not cause the post-ovulation temperature rise. Prostaglandin (D) is involved in various physiological processes but not directly related to the basal temperature increase post-ovulation.
Question 2 of 5
What type of medication would the nurse prepare to speak about with a patient recently diagnosed with endometriosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: oral contraceptives. Oral contraceptives are commonly prescribed for managing endometriosis by regulating the menstrual cycle and reducing symptoms. They help control estrogen levels, which can alleviate pain and inflammation associated with endometriosis. Selective serotonin inhibitors (B) are used for treating depression and anxiety, not endometriosis. Dopamine agonists (C) are used for conditions like Parkinson's disease and hyperprolactinemia, not endometriosis. Bisphosphonates (D) are used to treat osteoporosis, not endometriosis. Therefore, oral contraceptives are the most appropriate medication to discuss with a patient diagnosed with endometriosis.
Question 3 of 5
A 28-year-old patient presents with recurrent urinary tract infections and continuous wet sensation in her undergarments. On examination, the provider observes leaking of urine noted in the vagina. What structural disorder of the female reproductive system is most likely responsible for this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: bladder fistula. A bladder fistula is an abnormal connection between the bladder and another organ, leading to urine leakage into the vagina. In this case, the continuous wet sensation and urine leakage observed in the vagina indicate a communication between the bladder and the vagina. Pelvic floor prolapse (choice A) can cause urinary incontinence but does not involve direct leakage of urine into the vagina. DES exposure (choice B) is associated with reproductive tract abnormalities but not specifically with urinary incontinence. A vaginal septum (choice C) is a congenital condition where the vagina is divided by a septum, which would not directly cause urine leakage into the vagina.
Question 4 of 5
When suspecting an ovarian cyst on the basis of abdominal pain, what other causes need to be ruled out due to the severity of the condition? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C. A: Ectopic pregnancy can present similarly to an ovarian cyst with abdominal pain. It is a life-threatening emergency due to the risk of rupture. B: Inflamed appendix can mimic symptoms of an ovarian cyst, such as lower abdominal pain. Appendicitis can lead to serious complications without prompt treatment. C: Ovarian torsion can cause sudden, severe abdominal pain similar to that of an ovarian cyst. It requires immediate medical attention to prevent ovarian damage or necrosis. D: Submucosal fibroid is a benign growth in the uterus and would not typically cause symptoms that mimic an ovarian cyst.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing information in anticipation of providing education to her patient. What is an accurate statement about ovarian cancer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the symptoms of ovarian cancer are often vague and nonspecific, leading to challenges in early detection. Symptoms such as bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, and frequent urination can be mistaken for other conditions. This lack of specific symptoms makes it difficult for individuals to recognize the signs of ovarian cancer. Choice A is incorrect because the symptoms are not easy to detect. Choice C is incorrect as ovarian cancer does present symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as there are no reliable screening tests for ovarian cancer, which contributes to the difficulty in early detection.