ATI RN
Infection Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A woman tests positive for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody but has no symptoms. She is considered a carrier. What component of the infection cycle does the woman illustrate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A reservoir. In this scenario, the woman testing positive for HIV antibody but having no symptoms indicates that she is a reservoir of the virus. A reservoir is a place where infectious agents (in this case, HIV) can persist and reproduce without causing symptoms in the carrier. Other choices are incorrect because the woman is not actively transmitting the virus (infectious agent), the virus is not exiting her body (portal of exit), and she is not being newly infected (portal of entry).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is educating adolescents on how to prevent infections. What statement by one of the adolescents indicates that more education is needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because not wearing a condom during sex poses a significant risk for contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Therefore, the adolescent lacks understanding of the importance of safe sex practices in preventing infections. Choice A demonstrates good hand hygiene, choice C shows healthy lifestyle habits that can boost immunity, and choice D indicates proper management of infections. By choosing B, the adolescent shows a gap in knowledge regarding safe sexual practices, highlighting the need for further education on preventing STIs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse has completed morning care for a client. There is no visible soiling on her hands. What type of technique is recommended by the CDC for hand hygiene?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clean hands with an alcohol-based handrub. This is recommended by the CDC as the preferred method for hand hygiene when there is no visible soiling on the hands. Alcohol-based handrub is effective in killing a broad range of germs quickly. Washing hands with soap and water is necessary when hands are visibly soiled. Option A is incorrect as gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene. Option D is unnecessary as using handrub alone is sufficient.
Question 4 of 5
A student nurse is performing a urinary catheterization for the first time and inadvertently contaminates the catheter by touching the bed linens. What should the nurse do to maintain surgical asepsis for this procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should gather new sterile supplies and start over to ensure surgical asepsis. By touching the bed linens, the catheter became contaminated, compromising the sterility of the procedure. Starting over with new sterile supplies will prevent introducing pathogens into the client's urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection. Choice A is incorrect as being on antibiotics does not negate the need for maintaining asepsis. Choice B is incorrect because completing the procedure with contaminated supplies poses a risk of infection. Choice C is incorrect as apologizing does not address the contamination issue, and completing the procedure with contaminated supplies is unsafe.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is changing the bed linen of a client admitted to the health care facility. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse follow?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Standard precautions. Standard precautions should be followed by the nurse when changing bed linen as it includes practices to prevent the transmission of infectious agents. This includes hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment if necessary, proper handling and disposal of linen, and environmental cleaning. Droplet, contact, and airborne precautions are specific isolation precautions used for different modes of transmission of infections. In this scenario, standard precautions are appropriate as they cover a wide range of potential risks and are recommended for all patients regardless of their infectious status.