ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Perinatal Loss Questions
Question 1 of 5
A woman states that all of a sudden her 4-day-old baby is having trouble feeding. On assessment, the nurse notes that the mother's breasts are firm, red, and warm to the touch. The nurse teaches the mother manually to express a small amount of breast milk from each breast. Which observation indicates that the nurse's intervention has been successful?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) The mother's nipples are soft to the touch. This indicates successful manual expression of breast milk. When the mother is able to express milk manually, it helps in relieving the engorgement, allowing for easier feeding for the baby. Soft nipples suggest effective milk removal from the breasts, improving milk flow and facilitating feeding. Option B) The baby swallows after every 5th suck is incorrect as it does not directly indicate successful manual expression by the mother. It focuses more on the baby's feeding pattern. Option C) The baby's pre- and postfeed weight change is 20 milliliters is incorrect as it pertains to the baby's weight change, not the mother's ability to express milk. Option D) The mother squeezes her nipples during manual expression is incorrect as it describes the action taken by the mother, not the outcome or success of the intervention. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and managing engorgement in breastfeeding mothers to ensure successful breastfeeding. Teaching mothers how to manually express milk can be a crucial skill to alleviate engorgement and improve breastfeeding outcomes for both mother and baby.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing education to a patient who has given birth to her first child and is being discharged home. The patient expressed concern regarding infant mortality and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor, and vaginal delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health conditions. The infant is healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful thing to explain to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) The Safe to Sleep campaign. This campaign, formerly known as the Back to Sleep campaign, focuses on educating parents and caregivers on safe sleep practices to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). It emphasizes placing babies on their backs to sleep, using a firm sleep surface, keeping soft objects and loose bedding out of the sleep area, and avoiding overheating. Option A) Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO) and Option B) Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant are not relevant to the patient's concern about infant mortality and SIDS, as they are specific medical interventions for respiratory distress syndrome in newborns. Option C) The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative promotes breastfeeding support in hospitals and does not directly address the patient's concerns about infant mortality and SIDS. Educating the patient about the Safe to Sleep campaign is crucial as it empowers parents to create a safe sleep environment for their infant, which is a key preventive measure against SIDS. By providing this information, the nurse can help alleviate the patient's concerns and promote a safe sleep environment for the newborn, ultimately contributing to infant safety and well-being.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 16-year-old patient who is 32 weeks pregnant with her first child, who is male. The patient's mother has accompanied her to today's visit. During the nursing assessment, the patient mentions that she is no longer in a relationship with the baby's father but her mother plans to help her. However, the patient's mother asks whether this will have any impact on the child. Which should the nurse indicate the child is at increased risk of during his adolescence?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Alcohol abuse. The nurse should explain to the patient's mother that the child is at increased risk of alcohol abuse during his adolescence due to the presence of certain risk factors such as parental separation, lack of a stable family environment, and potential psychological distress faced by the child. Adolescents who experience perinatal loss or disruption in family structure may turn to alcohol as a coping mechanism or to deal with emotional challenges. Option A) Hypertension and B) Diabetes are not directly related to the situation described in the question. These conditions are more commonly associated with genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and other health-related issues rather than parental relationship status. Option D) Intraventricular bleeding is a medical condition typically seen in premature infants and is not linked to the child's risk of alcohol abuse during adolescence. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the potential long-term effects of perinatal loss and family dynamics on child development. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to be aware of the social determinants of health and how they can impact a child's future well-being. By recognizing these risk factors, nurses can provide appropriate support and interventions to promote the child's healthy development and prevent negative outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A pregnant woman weighs 90.9 kg. The nurse is educating the patient on complications that the patient may be at risk for during pregnancy. Which response by the patient indicates that she understands?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is option A) "Due to my weight, there is a possibility that I may develop gestational diabetes." This response indicates that the patient understands the increased risk of gestational diabetes associated with being overweight. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for gestational diabetes as excess weight can lead to insulin resistance, which is a key factor in the development of diabetes during pregnancy. Option B is incorrect because weight is a significant risk factor for gestational diabetes, regardless of whether the patient considers themselves overweight or not. Option C is irrelevant to the question as it talks about the patient's mother's medical history, which does not directly relate to the patient's risk factors. Option D is incorrect because while a glucose tolerance test may be necessary, it does not address the underlying risk factor of weight in relation to gestational diabetes. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of patient education on risk factors for complications during pregnancy. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to educate patients on how factors like weight can impact their pregnancy and the importance of managing these risks to ensure a healthy outcome for both the mother and the baby.
Question 5 of 5
A nursing student is asked to set goals that will decrease the fetal death outcomes during delivery. What guidelines will the nursing student use to assist in setting her goals?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option B) Healthy People 2020. The Healthy People 2020 initiative provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans. It specifically addresses perinatal health and sets goals for reducing fetal death outcomes during delivery. By using the guidelines from Healthy People 2020, the nursing student can align her goals with national objectives and evidence-based practices to effectively decrease fetal death rates. Option A) WHO Maternal care guidelines may provide valuable information on a global scale, but for this specific question regarding decreasing fetal death outcomes in the context of the United States, referring to national objectives like Healthy People 2020 would be more appropriate. Option C) AWHONN white papers are resources from the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses, which are valuable for clinical practice guidelines and recommendations, but may not specifically address national objectives related to decreasing fetal death outcomes during delivery. Option D) State Practice Act outlines the legal scope of nursing practice within a specific state, which is important for ensuring safe and ethical care, but it does not provide guidelines for setting goals to decrease fetal death outcomes during delivery at a national level. For nursing students, understanding and utilizing national health objectives like Healthy People 2020 is crucial for evidence-based practice and aligning care goals with broader public health initiatives. By incorporating these guidelines into their practice, nursing students can contribute to improving perinatal health outcomes and providing quality care to mothers and infants.