ATI RN
labor and delivery questions and answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A woman’s pelvis is described as long and narrow with an anteroposterior diameter greater than the transverse diameter. This is known as which type of pelvis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anthropoid. In an anthropoid pelvis, the anteroposterior diameter is greater than the transverse diameter, giving it a long and narrow shape. This type of pelvis resembles the pelvis seen in higher primates. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Platypelloid pelvis has a transversely wide and short shape. B: Android pelvis has a heart-shaped inlet with a prominent sacrum and narrow pubic arch. D: Gynecoid pelvis has a round inlet and a wide pubic arch, typically seen in females and ideal for childbirth.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse midwife caring for a multiparous client who is 5 cm dilated requests intermittent auscultation (IA) of the fetal heart rate. The woman’s history reveals no risk factors. How often should IA be performed in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Every 15 minutes. During active labor, intermittent auscultation should be performed every 15 minutes for low-risk women without complications. This frequency allows for close monitoring of fetal well-being while also promoting a woman-centered approach to labor care. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the standard guidelines for IA frequency during active labor. Every 5 minutes (B) is too frequent and may disrupt the woman's labor progress. Every 20 minutes (C) and every 30 minutes (D) are too far apart to ensure adequate monitoring of the fetal heart rate. Thus, choice A is the most appropriate option for this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A 28-year-old woman without risk factors has now reached the second stage of labor. What is the optimal position for her at this point?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The optimal position for a 28-year-old woman in the second stage of labor is the lateral recumbent position (Choice B). This position helps maximize pelvic diameter and blood flow to the uterus, facilitating labor progress. It also reduces the risk of fetal heart rate abnormalities compared to the supine position (Choice A). Lithotomy position (Choice C) can hinder the descent of the baby and increase the risk of perineal trauma. Squatting (Choice D) may be uncomfortable and less effective in promoting efficient labor progress compared to the lateral recumbent position.
Question 4 of 5
A fetus is positioned in a longitudinal lie with its head in the fundus with both hips and knees flexed. Which presentation is this known as?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Complete breech. In this presentation, the fetus is positioned with hips and knees flexed, and the head is in the fundus. This is different from a Frank breech where the hips are flexed but the knees are extended. Vertex presentation refers to the head being down and Transverse presentation is when the fetus is lying horizontally. In this case, the description matches the characteristics of a complete breech presentation, making it the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Arrange the seven cardinal movements of labor, in order.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct order of the seven cardinal movements of labor is: Descent, Flexion, Internal Rotation, Extension, Restitution, External Rotation, and Expulsion. Descent is the first cardinal movement, as the baby moves down the birth canal. Flexion follows to allow the baby's head to pass through the pelvis. Internal Rotation, Extension, and Restitution then occur to facilitate the baby's shoulders and body turning in alignment with the mother's pelvis. External Rotation follows to help the shoulders rotate to the correct position for delivery. Finally, Expulsion is when the baby is born. This sequence ensures a smooth and safe delivery. The other choices are incorrect as they are not part of the specific sequence of cardinal movements during labor.