ATI RN
Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A woman's obstetric history indicates that she is pregnant for the fourth time and all of her children from previous pregnancies are living. One was born at 39 weeks of gestation, twins were born at 34 weeks of gestation, and another child was born at 35 weeks of gestation. What is her gravidity and parity using the GTPAL system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale for Answer B (4-1-2-0-4): 1. Gravidity: Total number of pregnancies - She is pregnant for the 4th time (G=4). 2. Term Births: Number of pregnancies reaching 37 weeks or more - She had 1 term birth (T=1). 3. Preterm Births: Number of pregnancies ending between 20-36 weeks - She had twins born at 34 weeks (P=2). 4. Abortions: Number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks - She has no reported abortions (A=0). 5. Living Children: Number of living children - She has all her children from previous pregnancies living (L=4). Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect because it indicates 3 term births, which is not accurate. C: Incorrect as it suggests 3 living children, which is not consistent with the scenario. D: Incorrect due to incorrect number of preterm births and living
Question 2 of 5
During a patient's physical examination the nurse notes that the lower uterine segment is soft on palpation. The nurse would document this finding as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chadwick's sign. This sign refers to the bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina due to increased vascularity in early pregnancy. The lower uterine segment being soft on palpation is consistent with Chadwick's sign, indicating early signs of pregnancy. A: Hegar's sign refers to softening of the lower uterine segment, not the cervix or vagina. B: McDonald's sign is the softening of the uterus at the isthmus, not specifically at the lower uterine segment. D: Goodell's sign pertains to softening of the cervix, not the lower uterine segment.
Question 3 of 5
Numerous changes in the integumentary system occur during pregnancy. Which change persists after birth?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Striae gravidarum, because it refers to stretch marks that occur during pregnancy and often persist postpartum. Epulis (A) is a benign gingival tumor that typically resolves after pregnancy. Chloasma (B) is a skin condition causing dark patches that usually fade postpartum. Telangiectasia (C) are small dilated blood vessels that commonly appear during pregnancy but may diminish after giving birth. Therefore, the key differentiator is the persistence of Striae gravidarum after delivery.
Question 4 of 5
A 31-year-old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an OTC pregnancy test 1 week ago after missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse enquires about the woman’s last menstrual period and asks whether she is taking any medications. The woman states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at work and has not been sleeping well. She also has a history of irregular periods. Her physical examination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan that reveals she is not pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: She takes anticonvulsants. Anticonvulsants can interfere with pregnancy test results by causing false-positive results. Here's a step-by-step rationale: 1. Anticonvulsants, such as phenytoin and phenobarbital, contain hCG-like substances that can cross-react with pregnancy tests, leading to false-positive results. 2. The woman's history of epilepsy medication use suggests that she may be taking anticonvulsants, which could be the reason for the false-positive pregnancy test result. 3. Other choices are incorrect: A: Taking the test too early is unlikely since a week has passed since the missed period. C: Fibroid tumors do not typically cause false-positive pregnancy test results. D: Stress and hormone imbalance could impact menstrual cycles but are less likely to directly affect pregnancy test results.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse caring for the pregnant patient must understand that the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: progesterone. Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy as it helps in thickening the uterine lining to support implantation and fetal development. Estrogen (choice A) plays a role in preparing the uterus for implantation but is not the primary hormone for maintaining pregnancy. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (choice B) is produced by the placenta and helps in detecting pregnancy but does not maintain it. Oxytocin (choice C) is involved in labor and breastfeeding, not in maintaining pregnancy.