A woman is experiencing mittelschmerz and increased vaginal discharge. Her temperature has increased by 0.6°C (1.0°F) over the past 36 hours. This most likely indicates what?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Ovulation has occurred. Mittelschmerz, which refers to abdominal pain associated with ovulation, along with increased vaginal discharge and a slight rise in temperature, are classic signs of ovulation. Option A) Menstruation is about to begin is incorrect because the symptoms described are not indicative of impending menstruation but rather of ovulation. Option B) Ovulation will occur soon is incorrect as the symptoms presented suggest that ovulation has already taken place. Option D) She is pregnant and will not menstruate is incorrect because the symptoms described are more consistent with ovulation than pregnancy at this stage. In an educational context, understanding the signs and symptoms of ovulation is crucial for women's health, fertility awareness, and family planning. Educating individuals about these physiological changes can empower them to make informed decisions regarding contraception, conception, and overall reproductive health. It is essential for healthcare providers to be able to recognize these signs to provide appropriate guidance and support to their patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the optimal administration of medications is crucial to ensure their effectiveness. When educating a client about iron supplements during pregnancy, it is essential to highlight that taking the supplement with orange juice aids in absorption. The correct answer, option B, is based on the concept that vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron, making orange juice a suitable choice to accompany iron supplements. This combination helps overcome the reduced bioavailability of iron during pregnancy due to increased iron requirements. Options A, C, and D are incorrect due to the following reasons: - Option A is incorrect because calcium in milk can inhibit iron absorption, reducing the effectiveness of the supplement. - Option C is incorrect as iron supplementation during pregnancy is recommended throughout to prevent or treat anemia, not based on subjective feelings of wellness. - Option D is incorrect as iron supplementation in pregnancy is not solely based on the presence of fatigue but is a preventive measure due to increased iron demands for the growing fetus. Providing this knowledge to pregnant individuals empowers them to make informed decisions about their health and the health of their baby, highlighting the importance of proper medication administration to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the scenario presented, the priority nursing intervention when caring for a client in active labor with late decelerations on the monitor is to reposition the client to her side (Option A). This intervention is crucial as it helps improve placental perfusion by alleviating pressure on the vena cava and aorta, thus enhancing fetal oxygenation. Repositioning the client is effective in addressing the underlying cause of late decelerations, which is often due to compression of the umbilical cord or reduced blood flow to the placenta during contractions. By changing the client's position, the nurse can potentially improve blood flow to the placenta, thereby promoting better fetal oxygenation and reducing the risk of fetal distress. Administering IV fluids (Option B) may be important in certain situations to maintain hydration and support maternal blood pressure, but it is not the priority when late decelerations are observed. Applying oxygen via a face mask (Option C) can be beneficial in cases of fetal distress, but repositioning the client takes precedence in this scenario. Notifying the healthcare provider (Option D) is important, but it is not the immediate priority when interventions that can directly impact fetal oxygenation, like repositioning, are available to the nurse. In maternal newborn care, quick and appropriate actions can significantly influence maternal and fetal outcomes, making understanding and implementing priority interventions crucial for nurses in these situations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the postpartum period, foul-smelling lochia is indicative of a possible infection, specifically endometritis, which can lead to serious complications if not promptly addressed. Therefore, this finding requires immediate action to prevent further health issues for the mother. Option A, a temperature of 100.4°F, is elevated but may not necessarily indicate an immediate concern as it could be within the normal range for the postpartum period. However, close monitoring is still necessary. Option C, a firm and midline fundus, is actually a normal finding indicating proper uterine involution. This finding does not require immediate action. Option D, breast tenderness on palpation, is a common finding in postpartum women due to engorgement or breastfeeding. While discomfort should be addressed, it does not pose an immediate threat to the client's health. Educationally, this question emphasizes the importance of recognizing abnormal postpartum findings and prioritizing interventions based on the urgency of the situation to ensure optimal maternal outcomes. It highlights the need for nurses to be vigilant in their assessments and prompt in their responses to deviations from the expected postpartum course.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of caring for a client with severe preeclampsia, magnesium sulfate is often used to prevent seizures. Therefore, monitoring for signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity is crucial. Option B, a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute, indicates magnesium sulfate toxicity as it is a central nervous system depressant and can lead to respiratory depression at toxic levels. This finding is a critical indicator of impending magnesium sulfate toxicity and requires immediate intervention. Option A, increased deep tendon reflexes, is actually a sign of magnesium deficiency rather than toxicity. Magnesium sulfate usually dampens reflexes, so an increase would not be indicative of toxicity. Option C, urine output of 50 mL/hour, is generally considered a normal urine output and is not specific to magnesium sulfate toxicity. Option D, a blood pressure of 160/110 mmHg, is a common finding in preeclampsia but is not a specific indicator of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Educationally, understanding the signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity is essential for nurses caring for pregnant clients with preeclampsia. It highlights the importance of close monitoring and prompt recognition of adverse effects to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby.