ATI RN
foundations of nursing test bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A woman is being treated for a tumor of the left breast. If the patient and her physician opt for prophylactic treatment, the nurse should prepare the woman for what intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bilateral mastectomy. This intervention involves removing both breasts to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer in the future. For a woman with a history of breast cancer in one breast, opting for bilateral mastectomy can significantly decrease the likelihood of cancer recurrence. This proactive approach is often recommended for individuals with a high risk of developing breast cancer. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: More aggressive chemotherapy - Chemotherapy is typically used to treat existing cancer cells, not as a prophylactic measure to prevent cancer. B: Left mastectomy - This option only removes the affected breast, not addressing the risk of cancer developing in the other breast. C: Radiation therapy - While radiation therapy can be used as part of the treatment for breast cancer, it is not a prophylactic measure to prevent future cancer development in the contralateral breast.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. The patient is having increasing problems with rising from the sitting to the standing position. What should the nurse suggest to the patient to use that will aid in getting from the sitting to the standing position as well as aid in improving bowel elimination?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Use of a raised toilet seat Rationale: A raised toilet seat helps the patient with Parkinson's disease by providing additional height, making it easier for them to transition from sitting to standing. This aids in improving mobility and reducing the risk of falls. Furthermore, the raised seat can also promote proper positioning for bowel elimination, making the process more comfortable and effective. Incorrect Choices: A: Using a bedpan does not address the issue of transitioning from sitting to standing, nor does it aid in improving bowel elimination for the patient. C: Sitting quietly on the toilet every 2 hours may not directly address the physical challenges the patient is facing in transitioning from sitting to standing. D: Following the outlined bowel program is important, but it does not specifically address the physical support needed to transition from sitting to standing for a patient with Parkinson's disease.
Question 3 of 9
Which maternal condition always necessitates delivery by cesarean birth?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Total placenta previa. In this condition, the placenta completely covers the cervix, posing a risk of severe bleeding during vaginal delivery. Cesarean birth is necessary to avoid potential life-threatening complications for both the mother and the baby. Partial abruptio placentae (choice A) involves premature separation of the placenta, but it doesn't always require a cesarean birth. Ectopic pregnancy (choice C) occurs when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, typically requiring surgical intervention but not always a cesarean birth. Eclampsia (choice D) is a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and seizures, but it doesn't always necessitate cesarean birth unless there are other complications that require it.
Question 4 of 9
A patient with severe environmental allergies is scheduled for an immunotherapy injection. What should be included in teaching the patient about this treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Immunotherapy injections can cause allergic reactions. Step 2: Monitoring post-injection is crucial to detect and manage any potential adverse reactions promptly. Step 3: Staying in the clinic for 30 minutes allows for immediate intervention if needed. Step 4: This ensures patient safety and reduces the risk of severe reactions. Summary: A: Epinephrine is not typically given before immunotherapy injections. C: Therapeutic response may take longer than 3 months to show. D: Immunotherapy is usually given via subcutaneous route, not intravenous.
Question 5 of 9
A nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse seefirst?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse should prioritize the patient who has been receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) infusing with the same tubing for 26 hours. This patient needs to be seen first to monitor for any potential complications or issues related to TPN administration. Choice A can be ruled out because 50 hours is longer than 26 hours. Choices C and D involve enteral feeding, which is important but generally less critical than TPN. Additionally, choice D has a shorter duration than choice B. Therefore, choice B is the most time-sensitive and critical patient to assess first.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse is teaching a patient preventative measures regarding vaginal infections. The nurse should include which of the following as an important risk factor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Frequent douching. Douching disrupts the natural balance of vaginal flora, making the environment more susceptible to infections. High estrogen levels (A) can actually protect against vaginal infections. Late menarche (B) and nonpregnant state (C) are not direct risk factors for vaginal infections. In summary, frequent douching is the most significant risk factor as it disrupts the vaginal microbiome.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse notes that a patient has a history of fibroids and is aware that this term refers to a benign tumor of the uterus. What is a more appropriate term for a fibroid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Leiomyoma. A leiomyoma is the medical term for a fibroid, which is a benign tumor of the uterus composed of smooth muscle tissue. This term is more appropriate as it specifically refers to fibroids. A: Bartholins cyst is a fluid-filled swelling in the Bartholin's gland, not related to fibroids. B: Dermoid cyst is a type of ovarian cyst containing tissues like hair, teeth, and skin, not related to fibroids. C: Hydatidiform mole is an abnormal growth of tissue in the uterus that forms during pregnancy, not related to fibroids.
Question 8 of 9
A patients primary infection with HIV has subsided and an equilibrium now exists between HIV levels and the patients immune response. This physiologic state is known as which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Viral set point. The viral set point refers to the stable level of HIV in the body after the initial infection. This state indicates a balance between viral replication and the immune response. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Static stage implies no change, which is not the case with HIV levels fluctuating; B) Latent stage refers to a period of inactivity, not the stable state described; D) Window period is the time between infection and detectable antibodies, not the equilibrium state described.
Question 9 of 9
A nurse is assessing a patient’s ethnohistory.Which question should the nurse ask?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly addresses the patient's ethnohistory by asking about the differences in their life here compared to back home. This question helps the nurse understand the patient's cultural background, beliefs, and practices. Option A focuses solely on language, which is not sufficient to understand ethnohistory. Option C inquires about caregivers during sickness, which is important but does not specifically relate to ethnohistory. Option D compares treatment approaches, which is relevant but doesn't explore the broader cultural context as effectively as option B.