Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention to facilitate fetal rotation in a woman experiencing persistent occiput posterior position is to assist the mother into a hands-and-knees position. This position can help encourage the baby to rotate into the optimal occiput anterior position for delivery. By being on her hands and knees, gravity can assist in aiding the rotation of the baby. This position can also help relieve pressure on the mother's back and potentially reduce discomfort during labor. Additionally, hands-and-knees position can help open up the pelvis and create more space for the baby to turn. It is a non-invasive and generally well-tolerated intervention to promote fetal rotation in labor.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Thyroid nodules are abnormal growths of thyroid cells that form a lump within the thyroid gland. When a thyroid nodule becomes large enough, it can cause compressive symptoms such as difficulty swallowing and breathing. The presence of colloid nodules on fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicates a benign and common type of thyroid nodule. In this case, the symptoms are likely due to the physical pressure exerted by the thyroid nodule, rather than an underlying endocrine disorder like Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, or diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the most likely cause of the patient's symptoms is the thyroid nodule itself.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: While proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease to help heal ulcers and reduce acid production, it is important for the nurse to educate the patient about potential risks associated with PPI therapy. PPIs have been associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease. It is crucial for the patient to be aware of this risk and to take precautions, such as avoiding other medications that can increase bleeding risk and informing healthcare providers about any signs of bleeding, such as black stools or abdominal pain. Educating the patient about this potential adverse effect allows for early recognition and prompt intervention if necessary.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Prior to a gastric lavage procedure, it is essential for the nurse to ensure the correct size of the nasogastric tube is selected. The appropriate size of the tube will allow for effective removal of the ingested poisonous substance during the procedure. Proper sizing also helps in preventing complications such as injury to the gastrointestinal tract or inadequate removal of the substance. This step is crucial for the safe and successful completion of gastric lavage. Reminding parents to be careful, obtaining informed consent immediately, or accusing them of negligence are not immediate responsibilities of the nurse in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate action for the nurse to take when noticing that the patient seems anxious and is avoiding eye contact is to ask the patient if they are feeling anxious and if they would like to talk about it. This approach shows empathy, concern, and openness to addressing the patient's emotional state. By directly acknowledging the patient's behavior and giving them the opportunity to express their feelings, the nurse can create a supportive and caring environment that promotes effective communication and trust between the patient and healthcare provider. It is important to consider the patient's emotional well-being alongside their physical health during consultations.