A woman in active labor is diagnosed with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a woman in active labor diagnosed with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony is to massage the uterus to promote contraction. Uterine massage helps to stimulate uterine muscle tone and contraction, which can help control bleeding by reducing the size of blood vessels and promoting hemostasis. It is important to address the uterine atony promptly to prevent further blood loss and stabilize the patient's condition. Other interventions such as blood transfusion, administering antibiotics, and elevating the mother's legs can be considered based on the patient's response to the initial intervention of uterine massage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Spiral CT angiography is the most appropriate test for confirming the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in a patient with suspected PE. It is a non-invasive imaging modality that can detect filling defects within the pulmonary vasculature indicative of a clot. This diagnostic test has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PE, making it a valuable tool in the management of patients with suspected PE.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse's actions exemplify negligence. Negligence is a failure to provide reasonable care that results in harm to a patient. In this scenario, the nurse failed to unclamp the patient's indwelling urinary catheter as instructed by the healthcare provider. This failure to follow proper procedure led to the patient developing a urinary tract infection, which could have been prevented if the nurse had acted with reasonable care. This action does not meet the criteria for malpractice, assault, or battery as those involve intentional harm or professional misconduct, whereas negligence involves a lack of appropriate care or attention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The principle of beneficence emphasizes the duty to do good and act in the best interest of others. By ensuring that all necessary supplies and medicines are available for the care of the community, Nurse Erica is practicing beneficence. She is fulfilling her obligation to promote the health and well-being of the community members by providing them with the resources they need for their care. This demonstrates her commitment to doing good and acting in a way that benefits those under her care, which aligns with the principle of beneficence in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When administering Rilutek (riluzole), the medication should be taken with food. This is because taking Rilutek with food helps to reduce the likelihood of experiencing stomach upset as a side effect. Administering the medication on an empty stomach may increase the risk of gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain. Therefore, it is recommended to administer Rilutek with food to ensure better tolerability for the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Health education is a crucial component of public health aimed at promoting health, preventing diseases, and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health. It is not limited to only professionals like nurses but is the responsibility of every health worker across various disciplines. Health workers, including doctors, community health workers, public health educators, and others, play a vital role in delivering health education to the community they serve. By ensuring that health education is a shared responsibility among all health workers, a more comprehensive and effective approach to public health promotion can be achieved. It is continuously evolving to adapt to changing health needs and challenges, making it dynamic rather than remaining constant. Therefore, option B is the most accurate statement regarding health education in public health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A descriptive case study design is the most suitable approach when Nurse Carmi decides to make an in-depth study of only one subject of domestic violence. This design involves a comprehensive and detailed exploration of a single individual or a specific situation, allowing for an in-depth analysis of various aspects related to the subject. Since Nurse Carmi is focusing on studying only one subject, a case study design will enable her to gather detailed information, delve deep into the complexities of the individual's experiences, behaviors, and outcomes related to domestic violence. This design will provide a rich and holistic understanding of the single case being studied, offering valuable insights and potential implications for practice and intervention strategies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Immunity that the baby gets from the immune mother through breastfeeding is considered passive natural immunity. This is because the baby receives pre-formed antibodies from the mother's breast milk, providing temporary protection until the baby's own immune system is fully developed. This type of immunity is passive since the baby does not produce its antibodies, and it is considered natural because it happens through a natural process of breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The aim of pelvic muscle exercises for a patient with urinary incontinence is to strengthen the muscles that control the vagina and urethra. These exercises, known as Kegel exercises, target the pelvic floor muscles that support the pelvic organs and help in controlling urinary function. Strengthening these muscles can help improve bladder control and reduce or eliminate urinary incontinence. Exercises that target the perineal area can also be beneficial in managing urinary incontinence, but the main focus is on strengthening the muscles that control the vagina and urethra.