A woman in active labor is diagnosed with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a woman in active labor diagnosed with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony is to massage the uterus to promote contraction. Uterine massage helps to stimulate uterine muscle tone and contraction, which can help control bleeding by reducing the size of blood vessels and promoting hemostasis. It is important to address the uterine atony promptly to prevent further blood loss and stabilize the patient's condition. Other interventions such as blood transfusion, administering antibiotics, and elevating the mother's legs can be considered based on the patient's response to the initial intervention of uterine massage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The principle of beneficence emphasizes the duty to do good and act in the best interest of others. By ensuring that all necessary supplies and medicines are available for the care of the community, Nurse Erica is practicing beneficence. She is fulfilling her obligation to promote the health and well-being of the community members by providing them with the resources they need for their care. This demonstrates her commitment to doing good and acting in a way that benefits those under her care, which aligns with the principle of beneficence in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Oxybutynin is a medication commonly used for the management of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms such as urinary urgency and frequency. It belongs to a class of medications known as anticholinergics, which work by relaxing the bladder muscles and reducing bladder spasms. By doing so, it helps to decrease the symptoms of OAB, including frequent urination, sudden urges to urinate, and leakage. Oxybutynin can be taken orally in tablet form, as a transdermal patch, or as a gel, providing various options for patients based on their preferences and needs. Overall, oxybutynin is an effective treatment option for individuals experiencing overactive bladder symptoms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most appropriate question to ask during the assessment of a newly admitted Person Who Uses Drugs (PWUDs) like Korino is to ask about the amount of drug used, its effects, and how long he has been using. This question provides valuable information for treatment planning and understanding the extent of Korino's drug use. By asking about the specific details of his drug use, the nurse can assess the severity of the addiction, potential health risks, and the duration of substance abuse. This information is crucial for developing an individualized treatment plan and providing appropriate care for Korino's needs. Asking open-ended questions about drug use also helps build rapport and trust between the nurse and the patient, which is essential for effective treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ariel is likely experiencing the stage of depression in the grieving process. The stages of grief, according to the Kubler-Ross model, are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. In this scenario, Ariel has come to terms with his mother's death and is mourning her loss, which aligns with the stage of depression characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and intense sorrow. It is a normal part of the grieving process for individuals to experience these emotions as they process their loss.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Late decelerations on the fetal monitor tracing indicate a potential uteroplacental insufficiency, which could be caused by decreased oxygen supply to the fetus. One common cause of late decelerations is uterine hyperstimulation due to excessive use of oxytocin. By discontinuing the oxytocin infusion, the nurse can help alleviate the stress on the fetus and decrease the likelihood of further late decelerations. This action should be prioritized before other interventions such as changing the mother's position or administering oxygen. Immediate delivery may be necessary if the fetus continues to show signs of distress despite discontinuing the oxytocin infusion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The ethical principle that should guide the nurse's decision-making in this situation is beneficence, which emphasizes the nurse's obligation to act in the best interest of the patient. In this scenario, the nurse must balance the patient's request for pain medication with considerations related to the patient's history of substance abuse. The nurse should prioritize providing effective pain relief for the patient while also considering the potential risks of administering medication to someone with a history of substance abuse. By focusing on beneficence, the nurse can make decisions that promote the well-being and best interests of the patient, taking into account both the immediate need for pain relief and the patient's history of substance abuse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The palliative nurse should prioritize performing thoracentesis to drain the pleural fluid and relieve dyspnea in a patient with terminal cancer experiencing pleural effusion. Pleural effusion is a common complication in patients with advanced cancer and can cause significant respiratory distress. Drainage of the pleural fluid through thoracentesis can provide immediate relief by easing the pressure on the lungs and improving the patient's ability to breathe. This intervention is essential in managing dyspnea for comfort and quality of life in palliative care settings. Administering bronchodilator medications (option A) or recommending non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (option C) may not directly address the underlying cause of dyspnea in this case. While relaxation techniques (option D) can help with anxiety and overall well-being, they may not be sufficient in managing the physical symptom of dyspnea caused by pleural effusion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that arises during chronic viral infections or cancer. In the case of a chronic viral infection, the persistent exposure to viral antigens leads to continuous stimulation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Over time, this sustained stimulation can lead to T cell exhaustion, characterized by the upregulation of inhibitory receptors, impaired effector functions, and reduced proliferative capacity. As a result, despite the elevated levels of CD8+ T cells in the blood, their function may be compromised, ultimately impacting the immune response against the viral infection. In contrast, activation-induced cell death (AICD) may contribute to T cell loss during chronic infections but would not explain the persistently elevated CD8+ T cell levels. Thymic involution refers to the age-related decline in thymus function, which is not directly related to the observed increase in CD8+ T cells. Antigenic