A woman in active labor is diagnosed with an obstetric emergency requiring immediate delivery. What is the priority nursing action?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the situation of an obstetric emergency requiring immediate delivery, the priority nursing action is to prepare the delivery room for the birth. This involves ensuring that all necessary supplies and equipment are readily available, the bed is adjusted to the appropriate position, and the healthcare team is prepared to assist with the birth. By expeditiously preparing the delivery room, the healthcare team can facilitate a safe and timely delivery for both the mother and the baby. Notifications to the healthcare provider, administering intravenous fluids, and continuous fetal monitoring can be done simultaneously but preparing the delivery room takes precedence to ensure a prompt response to the emergent situation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The extraneous variable in a study is a variable that is not the main focus of the study but could potentially impact the results. In this case, the length of stay is an extraneous variable because it is not directly related to the research question or objective of the study. The study is likely focused on factors such as patient age, complications, or date of admission, making the length of stay an irrelevant variable in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a patient experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation with severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia, the most appropriate intervention is to initiate non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). NIPPV can help improve ventilation, decrease work of breathing, and correct hypoxemia by providing positive pressure to keep the airways open, reduce air trapping, and increase the elimination of carbon dioxide. This intervention can help improve oxygenation and reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with severe asthma exacerbations. Administering high-flow oxygen via nasal cannula alone may not provide enough support for patients with severe respiratory distress. Nebulized albuterol/ipratropium combination therapy and intravenous corticosteroid therapy are also important treatments for asthma exacerbations but are not the first-line interventions for patients with severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The best example of how the nurse can create a climate in which clients do not feel threatened is by teaching on good nutrition while providing a meal. This approach not only addresses an important topic that is beneficial for the clients but also creates a comfortable and welcoming atmosphere. By offering a meal, the nurse is able to engage the clients in a familiar and non-threatening activity, making them more receptive to the information being shared. Additionally, sharing a meal can help to build rapport and create a sense of community among the clients and the nurse, leading to a more positive learning experience.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires timely intervention to reduce intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a medication commonly used to treat this condition as it works as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, reducing the production of aqueous humor in the eye. By reducing the production of aqueous humor, acetazolamide helps decrease intraocular pressure rapidly, which is crucial in managing acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Other options listed, such as Furosemide (Lasix), Atropine, and Urokinase (Abbokinase), are not typically used in the treatment of acute narrow-angle glaucoma.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The best result of a health education process is when it successfully influences and changes behaviors towards positive health outcomes. Providing new input, updating others, and information transfer are important components of health education, but the ultimate goal is to effect behavior change. When individuals are able to internalize and apply the knowledge gained from health education to make healthier choices in their daily lives, the process can be considered successful. Therefore, the most desirable outcome of health education is the behavioral change that leads to improved health and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A dental abscess is characterized by a localized collection of pus that results from a bacterial infection of the tooth pulp, leading to swelling, pain, and inflammation. The infection typically occurs when bacteria enter the tooth through a cavity, crack, or other dental injury. The abscess can cause significant pain and discomfort and must be treated promptly by a dentist to prevent further complications. Dental caries refer to tooth decay or cavities that result from the breakdown of tooth structure by acids produced by bacteria. Periodontitis is a severe gum infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports the teeth. Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection that affects the mouth and throat.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The scenario described is suggestive of a meniscus injury. A twisting injury during sports activity leading to acute knee pain and swelling, accompanied by joint effusion and tenderness along the joint line, is commonly associated with meniscus tears. The meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage structure located between the femur and tibia in the knee joint, providing cushioning and stability. The symptoms of a meniscus tear typically include pain, swelling, joint line tenderness, and sometimes mechanical symptoms like locking or clicking. Treatment may involve rest, physical therapy, or in some cases, surgery to repair or remove the torn meniscus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Maintaining patient confidentiality is a foundational principle in healthcare ethics. Nurses are obligated to keep all information about patients confidential, which means not disclosing any patient-related information to unauthorized individuals. This includes refraining from discussing patient cases with others who are not directly involved in the care of the patient. Sharing patient information without consent can be a breach of trust and privacy, which can have legal and ethical implications. Therefore, in order to uphold the principle of confidentiality, nurses must keep all matters about the patient as a secret.