Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the case of a woman in active labor with placenta previa, the priority nursing intervention is to prepare for an immediate cesarean section. Placenta previa is a condition in which the placenta covers part or all of the cervix, which can lead to severe bleeding during labor and delivery. The risk of hemorrhage is significant, making a cesarean section the safest option for both the mother and the baby in this situation. It is crucial to act promptly to prevent complications and ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby. Administering intravenous oxytocin to augment labor or inserting a Foley catheter to monitor urine output would not address the immediate risk of hemorrhage associated with placenta previa. Implementing bed rest and continuous fetal monitoring may be part of the overall care plan but not the priority intervention in this urgent situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presentation described in the question (sensation of fullness and pressure in the left ear, hearing loss, occasional tinnitus, retracted tympanic membrane with decreased mobility on pneumatic otoscopy) is suggestive of serous otitis media, also known as otitis media with effusion. Serous otitis media occurs when fluid accumulates in the middle ear without signs of infection. This buildup of fluid in the middle ear space can cause the tympanic membrane to retract and reduce its mobility on pneumatic otoscopy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Generalizability refers to the extent to which research findings and conclusions can be applied beyond the specific conditions of the study to a larger population or different settings. In this case, if the findings of a study on patients with myocardial infarction (MI) under stress can be applied to all such patients in the whole Philippines, it indicates that the study results are generalizable beyond the specific sample studied. Therefore, the criteria satisfied in this context is generalizability.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nursing mothers should not wash their nipples with soap and water prior to feeding. Using soap can dry out the skin and potentially lead to irritation or cracking of the nipple, which can increase the risk of mastitis. It is recommended to simply clean the nipples with water, if necessary.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for the palliative nurse to prioritize in this situation is to offer emotional support and validate the patient's feelings about body image changes. End-stage renal disease can lead to significant physical changes such as edema and weight gain, which can impact a patient's body image and self-esteem. By providing emotional support and validating the patient's feelings, the nurse can help address the patient's distress and concerns, improving their overall psychological well-being. While providing education on dietary modifications (choice B) and prescribing diuretic medications (choice D) may be important aspects of managing fluid retention and edema, addressing the patient's emotional distress and body image concerns should be the initial priority in a palliative care setting. Encouraging the patient to accept their body changes (choice A) may overlook the emotional impact these changes have on the patient, making choice C the most appropriate intervention.