A woman comes to the prenatal clinic because she thinks she is pregnant. Which of the following are probable signs of pregnancy? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, positive pregnancy test. This is a probable sign of pregnancy because it directly indicates the presence of the pregnancy hormone hCG in the woman's body. Amenorrhea (choice A) and uterine enlargement (choice B) are actually presumptive signs of pregnancy, as they can be caused by factors other than pregnancy. Breast tenderness (choice D) is a possible sign of pregnancy but is not as specific or conclusive as a positive pregnancy test.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Uterine tachysystole is excessive uterine contractions, reducing placental perfusion and causing fetal hypoxia. This can lead to potential complications such as fetal distress and hypoxia. Category I fetal heart rate tracing is typically associated with normal fetal heart rate. Placenta previa is unrelated to uterine tachysystole. Prolapsed cord is a potential complication of uterine hyperstimulation, not tachysystole.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess deep tendon reflexes for hyperreflexia. This is crucial in preeclampsia to monitor for signs of worsening condition like eclampsia. Hyperreflexia is a common symptom in severe preeclampsia indicating CNS irritability. Providing IV fluid boluses (B) can worsen fluid overload. Educating that preeclampsia is only a concern for pregnancy (C) is incorrect as it can progress during labor. Discouraging pain medication (D) is inappropriate as it can mask symptoms like headaches, a common sign of worsening preeclampsia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: prolapsed cord. In a footling breech presentation, the feet or legs of the fetus are positioned to deliver first, increasing the risk of the umbilical cord slipping down before the fetus during labor, leading to a prolapsed cord. This is a serious emergency as it can compromise fetal blood flow and oxygen supply. Choice B: Oligohydramnios is a decreased level of amniotic fluid and is not directly related to a footling breech presentation. Choice C: Low biophysical profile score indicates fetal well-being based on specific parameters and is not a direct complication of a footling breech presentation. Choice D: Meconium-stained fluid can occur due to fetal distress but is not specific to a footling breech presentation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maternal hypertension can lead to decreased blood flow to the placenta, resulting in restricted growth and low birth weight in the baby. This association is well-documented in research and clinical practice. Low birth weight is a common consequence of maternal hypertension due to inadequate nutrient and oxygen supply to the fetus. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are not directly associated with maternal hypertension. Anorexia is a psychological disorder related to eating habits, macrosomia refers to excessive birth weight, and symphysis pubis dysfunction is a musculoskeletal issue during pregnancy.