ATI RN
Respiratory Pediatric Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A two-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for the first immunization against DPT. The nurse should administer the vaccine via what route?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, administering vaccines correctly is crucial for ensuring the child's safety and efficacy of the immunization. In this scenario, the correct route for administering the DPT vaccine to a two-month-old infant is intramuscular (Option B). The rationale behind this is that intramuscular injections are recommended for vaccines like DPT as they are more effective in eliciting the desired immune response. The muscle tissue allows for better absorption of the vaccine compared to subcutaneous or intradermal routes. Option A, oral administration, is not suitable for the DPT vaccine as it is not designed to be given orally. Option C, subcutaneous, is generally not recommended for DPT vaccine in infants due to potential issues with absorption and efficacy. Option D, intradermal, is also not the preferred route for DPT vaccine in infants. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind choosing the correct route of administration for vaccines is essential for pediatric nurses to ensure they provide safe and effective care to their young patients. It also underscores the importance of following evidence-based practices and recommendations from health authorities regarding vaccine administration in pediatric populations.
Question 2 of 5
The mother tells the nurse that her other child, a 4-year-old boy, has developed some 'strange eating habits', including not finishing meals and eating the same foods for several days in a row. She would like to develop a plan to correct this situation. In developing such a plan, the nurse and mother should consider...
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Allowing him to make some decisions about the foods he eats. In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to consider a child's autonomy and preferences when addressing eating habits. Allowing the child to make some decisions empowers him, promotes a positive relationship with food, and reduces mealtime conflicts. This approach supports the child's development of healthy eating habits in the long term. Option A) Deciding on a good reward for finishing a meal, may encourage the child to eat for the reward rather than internal motivation for nourishment. This can lead to unhealthy eating behaviors and associations with food. Option C) Requiring him to eat the foods served at mealtimes can create a power struggle and negative mealtime environment, potentially exacerbating the child's aversion to certain foods. Option D) Not allowing him to play with friends until he eats all the food served, uses punishment as a motivator for eating, which can lead to further resistance and stress around mealtimes, impacting the child's relationship with food negatively. Educationally, understanding child development, psychology, and nutrition is essential in pediatric nursing to provide holistic care that considers not only physical health but also emotional and psychological well-being. Empowering children to make choices about their food fosters independence and a positive attitude towards nutrition.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse explained to the mother that according to Erikson's framework of psychosocial development, play is a vehicle for development and can help the school-age child develop a sense of...
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the correct answer is B) Industry. Erikson proposed that during the stage of industry vs. inferiority (which typically occurs during the school-age years), children are eager to learn new skills and accomplish tasks. Engaging in play helps children develop a sense of industry by allowing them to practice and master new skills, fostering a sense of competence and accomplishment. Option A) Initiative is associated with the preschool years in Erikson's theory, where children begin to assert themselves and take the lead in activities. While play is important during this stage as well, it is more focused on exploration and trying out new roles. Option C) Identity is linked to adolescence in Erikson's model, where individuals are exploring and developing a sense of self and personal identity. Play during this stage may involve more complex social interactions and self-expression rather than skill-building. Option D) Intimacy is a stage that occurs in young adulthood according to Erikson, where individuals are forming close relationships with others. Play during this stage may involve more collaborative and emotionally intimate activities rather than the skill-building focus of the school-age years. Educationally, understanding Erikson's stages of development can help nurses and healthcare professionals better support children's growth and well-being. By recognizing the role of play in fostering industry during the school-age years, caregivers can encourage activities that promote skill development and a sense of competence in children.
Question 4 of 5
If the patient's white blood cell (WBC) count is 25,000/mm³ on her second postpartum day, which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An increase in WBC count to 25,000/mm³ during the postpartum period is considered normal and not a sign of infection. The nurse should document the finding. There is no reason to alert the health care provider. Antibiotics are not needed because the elevated WBCs are caused by the stress of labor and not an infectious process. There is no need for reassessment as it is expected for the WBCs to be elevated.
Question 5 of 5
To assess fundal contraction 6 hours after cesarean birth, which technique should the nurse utilize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is option D, which involves gently palpating the fundus using the same technique as for vaginal deliveries. This technique is appropriate because after a cesarean birth, the fundus should be assessed for firmness and position to ensure adequate contraction of the uterus, which helps prevent postpartum hemorrhage. Gently palpating allows the nurse to assess the fundus without causing discomfort or disrupting any healing incisions from the cesarean procedure. Option A is incorrect because assessing lochial flow does not provide direct information about fundal contraction. Lochial flow assessment is important but does not replace the need to palpate the fundus. Option B is incorrect as palpating forcefully through the abdominal dressing can be painful for the mother, disturb any wound healing, and may not accurately assess the fundal contraction. Option C is incorrect as pressing downward on both sides of the abdomen does not specifically target the fundus for assessment. This method may not provide an accurate evaluation of fundal tone and position. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the correct techniques for assessing postpartum fundal contraction, especially after cesarean births. Proper assessment helps in early identification of uterine atony or other postpartum complications, allowing for timely interventions and preventing adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Nurses should be trained in gentle palpation techniques and understand the significance of fundal assessment in postpartum care.