ATI RN
Pediatric Respiratory Distress Nursing Interventions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A toddler is hospitalized for an upcoming surgical procedure. Which method might provide the best way to inform the child about the surgery?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Allowing the child to dress up using a surgical gown and mask. This method provides a developmentally appropriate and non-threatening way to familiarize the child with the upcoming surgical procedure. By allowing the child to play dress-up, they can feel a sense of control and empowerment, reducing anxiety and fear associated with the surgery. Option A is not ideal as viewing a surgery can be overwhelming and frightening for a young child, potentially causing more anxiety. Option B, using anatomical drawings, may not effectively communicate the process to a toddler as they may not fully understand the medical illustrations. Option C, having the child sign a surgical consent form, is inappropriate as it may confuse and scare the child due to the seriousness of signing legal documents. In an educational context, it is essential to consider the child's psychological and emotional needs when preparing them for medical procedures. Providing opportunities for play and exploration can help children cope with stress and build resilience in challenging situations. The use of role-play and dress-up allows for a child-friendly approach to explaining medical procedures, promoting a positive experience for the child.
Question 2 of 5
What is the causative agent for erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the causative agents of common childhood illnesses is crucial for accurate assessment and appropriate nursing interventions. In the case of erythema infectiosum, also known as fifth disease, the correct causative agent is Human parvovirus B19 (Option B). Human parvovirus B19 is the primary etiological agent responsible for causing erythema infectiosum. This virus is known to target red blood cell precursors, leading to the characteristic rash seen in affected individuals. The other options provided are incorrect for this specific condition: A) Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus is associated with conditions like strep throat and scarlet fever. C) Human herpesvirus type 6 is linked to diseases such as roseola infantum. D) Paramyxovirus is known to cause illnesses like measles and mumps, not erythema infectiosum. Educationally, understanding the causative agents of childhood illnesses helps nurses in making accurate clinical judgments, implementing appropriate isolation precautions, and educating patients and families about the condition. This knowledge also aids in the development of effective nursing care plans tailored to the specific infectious agent involved.
Question 3 of 5
Which is the most common congenital anomaly associated with Down Syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Heart malformation. Down Syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is commonly associated with congenital heart defects. Nearly 50% of infants born with Down Syndrome have some form of heart malformation. These defects can range from atrial septal defects to ventricular septal defects and may require surgical intervention. Option A) Pernicious anemia is not a congenital anomaly commonly associated with Down Syndrome. Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune condition where the body lacks intrinsic factor needed for vitamin B12 absorption. Option B) Pyloric stenosis is a condition where the opening between the stomach and small intestine becomes narrow, leading to feeding difficulties in infants. It is not typically associated with Down Syndrome. Option D) Hip dysplasia is a condition where the hip joint does not form properly, leading to instability and potential dislocation. While hip dysplasia can occur in infants, it is not the most common congenital anomaly associated with Down Syndrome. In a pediatric nursing context, understanding the common congenital anomalies associated with Down Syndrome is crucial for early identification, intervention, and management. Nurses caring for children with Down Syndrome should be knowledgeable about the increased risk of heart malformations in this population to provide appropriate monitoring and support.
Question 4 of 5
A parent of a child with asthma asks the nurse about using a peak flow meter. The nurse explains that this device measures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Peak expiratory flow. A peak flow meter is a device used to measure peak expiratory flow rate, which is the maximum speed at which a person can exhale air from their lungs. This measurement is crucial in monitoring asthma as it helps to assess how well the lungs are functioning and how effectively asthma is being controlled. By regularly monitoring peak expiratory flow, parents and healthcare providers can make informed decisions about asthma management and adjust treatment plans as needed. Option A) Blood oxygen levels is incorrect because a peak flow meter does not measure oxygen levels in the blood. Option B) Lung volume is also incorrect as the peak flow meter specifically measures the rate of airflow during exhalation rather than lung volume. Option D) Vital signs is incorrect because although respiratory rate is a vital sign, a peak flow meter is not used to measure vital signs but rather to assess lung function in asthma. Educationally, it is important for nurses and healthcare providers to educate parents of children with asthma about the importance of using a peak flow meter for home monitoring. Teaching parents how to properly use the device and interpret the results can empower them to take an active role in managing their child's asthma and intervening early if there are signs of worsening respiratory distress.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child with a history of eczema. The nurse should recognize that which of the following is a common trigger for eczema flare-ups?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Cold, dry air. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that often flares up in response to environmental triggers. Cold, dry air can lead to skin dryness and irritation, exacerbating eczema symptoms. This trigger is particularly common in the winter months when humidity levels drop and indoor heating systems further deplete moisture in the air. Option A) Stress can exacerbate eczema symptoms in some individuals, but it is not as universally common as exposure to cold, dry air. Option C) Increased physical activity, while it may lead to sweating and potential skin irritation, is not a direct trigger for eczema flare-ups unless the activity involves exposure to other triggers like allergens or irritants. Option D) Consuming dairy products can be a trigger for some individuals with eczema, especially if they have a dairy allergy or sensitivity. However, it is not as universally common as exposure to cold, dry air, which affects a broader population of individuals with eczema. In an educational context, understanding common triggers for eczema flare-ups is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition. By recognizing environmental factors like cold, dry air as triggers, nurses can educate families on strategies to manage and prevent flare-ups, such as using humidifiers, applying moisturizers regularly, and dressing children in breathable fabrics. This knowledge empowers nurses to provide holistic care and support to children with eczema and their families.