A therapist treating a newborn with hypoxemia due to hypothermia should also be aware of which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Hypoglycemia. When a newborn has hypoxemia due to hypothermia, it is essential for the therapist to be aware of the potential for hypoglycemia. Hypothermia can lead to decreased glucose production, utilization, and storage in the body, putting the newborn at risk for low blood sugar levels. Option A) Hypercarbia, refers to high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, which is not directly related to hypothermia-induced hypoxemia in this case. Option C) Hypocalcemia is a condition characterized by low levels of calcium in the blood and is not typically associated with hypoxemia due to hypothermia in newborns. Option D) Left-to-right shunt is a cardiac condition where there is abnormal blood flow between the left and right sides of the heart, which is not directly linked to hypoxemia due to hypothermia in this context. Educational context: Understanding the potential complications and conditions associated with hypoxemia due to hypothermia in newborns is crucial for healthcare providers, especially those working in pediatric respiratory care. Recognizing and addressing factors like hypoglycemia promptly can significantly impact the management and outcomes of these vulnerable patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of a neonate diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), the recommended treatment is option B) Morphine or methadone. This is because NAS occurs when a baby is exposed to addictive substances in utero and experiences withdrawal symptoms after birth. Morphine or methadone is used to help manage the withdrawal symptoms in a controlled manner to prevent severe complications. Option A) Antibiotics are not the correct treatment for NAS as it is not an infection that requires antibiotic therapy. Option C) Surfactant therapy is used to treat respiratory distress syndrome, not NAS. Option D) Oxygen therapy may be needed in some cases of NAS to support the baby's respiratory function, but it is not the primary treatment for NAS. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome is crucial for nurses working in pediatric settings. By knowing the correct interventions, nurses can provide safe and effective care for infants with NAS, ensuring their well-being and helping them through the withdrawal process with minimal complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most important aspect of caring for a neonate with a diaphragmatic hernia after birth is to maintain airway patency (Option A). This is crucial because in diaphragmatic hernia, abdominal contents can move into the chest cavity, leading to lung compression and respiratory distress. Ensuring a clear airway allows for adequate oxygenation and ventilation, which is vital for the neonate's survival. Administering oxygen therapy (Option B) is important in respiratory support but is secondary to ensuring a patent airway. Oxygen therapy can help improve oxygen saturation levels, but without a clear airway, its effectiveness is limited. Monitoring blood glucose levels (Option C) is not directly related to the immediate care of a neonate with a diaphragmatic hernia. While monitoring blood glucose is important in neonatal care, it is not the priority in this situation. Providing adequate nutrition (Option D) is essential for overall neonatal care but is not the most critical aspect in the immediate care of a neonate with a diaphragmatic hernia. Without addressing the airway issue first, providing nutrition may not be effective or even possible. In an educational context, understanding the priority interventions in caring for neonates with specific conditions like diaphragmatic hernia is crucial for nurses, especially those preparing for exams like the NCLEX. This knowledge ensures that nurses can provide safe and effective care, prioritizing interventions based on the needs of the neonate to achieve optimal outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Verbalizes desire to go to the bathroom. This is the most appropriate sign indicating a child's readiness for toilet training. When a child can communicate their need to use the bathroom, it shows cognitive development and understanding of bodily functions. This communication is essential for successful toilet training as it allows the child to express their needs effectively. Option A) Demonstrating dryness for 4 hours is not a reliable indicator of readiness for toilet training as it can vary based on factors like fluid intake and bladder capacity. It is more important for the child to recognize the sensation of needing to go to the bathroom and communicate it. Option B) Demonstrating ability to sit and walk is a developmental milestone but not directly related to readiness for toilet training. While physical abilities are important for toilet training, they are not the primary indicators of readiness. Option C) Having a new sibling for stimulation is unrelated to toilet training readiness. While changes in the family environment can impact a child, it is not a specific sign of readiness for toilet training. Educationally, it is crucial for parents to understand the developmental signs of readiness for toilet training to ensure a positive and successful experience for both the child and the family. Encouraging open communication and recognizing the child's cues are key aspects of toilet training readiness. By educating parents on these signs, nurses can support families in navigating this important milestone in their child's development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) At age 10. Rationale: The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is typically given in two doses. The first dose is usually administered between 12-15 months of age, and the second dose is given between 4-6 years of age. If a child misses the recommended scheduled time for the MMR vaccine, the second dose can be given later. In this case, since the child is 7 years old and missed the second dose, the nurse would expect to administer the MMR vaccine at age 10. Explanation of other options: A) In a month from now: This option is incorrect because a one-month delay would not be sufficient for the child to reach the recommended age for receiving the MMR vaccine. B) In a year from now: While this option is closer to the correct answer, waiting a full year would delay the vaccine administration beyond the recommended timeframe for the second dose. D) At age 13: This option is too late for administering the second dose of the MMR vaccine. Waiting until age 13 would leave the child unprotected for an extended period of time, increasing their risk of contracting and spreading these contagious diseases. Educational context: Understanding the recommended vaccination schedule for children is crucial for pediatric nurses. It is important to know the appropriate timing for administering vaccines to ensure that children receive necessary protection against preventable diseases. By following the recommended schedule and catching up on missed doses in a timely manner, healthcare providers can help safeguard the health of children and the community at large.