A term newborn with dysmorphic features, pleural effusions, and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia is most likely to have which underlying condition?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Noonan syndrome is associated with dysmorphic features, congenital pleural effusions, and an increased risk of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) involves defective platelet adhesion due to deficient vWF, causing prolonged bleeding time despite normal platelet count.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A single umbilical artery is associated with an increased risk of occult renal anomalies, as it may indicate underlying developmental abnormalities in the urinary system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) helps maintain alveolar expansion, reducing barotrauma (damage due to high pressures in the lungs) during mechanical ventilation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Gastroesophageal reflux can exacerbate asthma symptoms by triggering bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation.