A term infant presents with tachypnea, grunting, and nasal flaring shortly after birth. A chest X-ray shows fluid in the lung fissures. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Question 1 of 5

A term infant presents with tachypnea, grunting, and nasal flaring shortly after birth. A chest X-ray shows fluid in the lung fissures. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is caused by delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid, common in infants born via cesarean section. Symptoms resolve within 24-72 hours with supportive care.

Question 2 of 5

A classic example of type III (immune complex) reactions is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction where immune complexes deposit in tissues, causing inflammation.

Question 3 of 5

Interpret the following ABG results (pH: 7.48 - PaCO2: 42 - HCO3:30):

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: These results indicate metabolic alkalosis with an elevated bicarbonate and normal CO2, showing no respiratory compensation.

Question 4 of 5

Immunotherapy provides symptomatic improvement in all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Immunotherapy is not effective for anaphylaxis to a wasp sting, as it is an acute, life-threatening reaction requiring immediate epinephrine.

Question 5 of 5

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare in children, accounting for <5% of all renal tumors. All the following are true regarding RCC in children EXCEPT

Correct Answer: E

Rationale: Local lymph node involvement in RCC has an adverse outcome.

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